Análise das mudanças morfológicas em escala de detalhe em voçoroca urbana utilizando perfilamento a laser e veículo aéreo não tripulado

O solo é um dos recursos naturais mais importantes para a humanidade e vital para o funcionamento dos ecossistemas, a erosão linear do solo por processos hídricos é considerada um dos maiores modificadores naturais da paisagem. Dentre os processos erosivos lineares tem-se as voçorocas, que são uma forma típica de erosão nas regiões semiáridas, com alta atividade morfológica e dinâmica observável. A voçoroca urbana deste estudo se localiza no bairro Dom Hélder Câmara, na cidade de Garanhuns, agreste pernambucano, a voçoroca se localiza próxima a moradias, com casa a cerca de 13 metros de distância de sua borda, além de apresentar quase que completa ausência da cobertura vegetal arbórea e presença de culturas agrícolas em seu interior. O estudo em questão visou analisar as mudanças morfológicas da voçoroca na escala de 1:1.000 entre os anos de 2016 e 2018, através da quantificação e espacialização do material erodido, para tanto se utilizou dados de perfilamento a laser advindos do projeto PE3D e de modelo digital de terreno gerador a partir de um veículo aéreo não tripulado. Obteve-se como resultado que entre os dois anos houve aumento areal da voçoroca de cerca de 2.408,37 m² de área total e foram erodidos cerca de 143,039,24 m³ de material em toda a área de estudo. Analysis of the morphological changes in detail scale in urban gully using laser profiling and unmanned aerial vehicle A B S T R A C TThe soil is one of the most important natural resources for de humankind and vital for de functional of the ecosystems, the linear erosion of the soil for process hydric is considered an of the big modificators of the natural landscapes. In the linear erosion have the gullies, then that are a typical in the region semiarid, with high morphological active and dynamic observable. The urban gully in this study is located in Garanhuns, Pernambuco, moreover, almost no preset tree vegetation, but present agricultural crops inside the gully. The present study has the objective to analyzed the morphological changes in the urban gully in the scale of 1:1.000 between 2016 and 2018, by the quantification and spatialization of the eroded material, this has utilized a laser profiling of the project PE3D and a terrain digital model created by unmanned aerial vehicle. Is obtained like result between the two years have an increase in the areas of the gully of 2.408,37 m² and has eroded approximately 143.039,25 m³ of material in the total study area.Keywords: semiarid, linear erosion, semiarid gullies.

Radiation Mapping and Laser Profiling Using a Robotic Manipulator

The use of a robotic arm manipulator as a platform for coincident radiation mapping and laser profiling of radioactive sources on a flat surface is investigated in this work. A combined scanning head, integrating a micro-gamma spectrometer and Time of Flight (ToF) sensor were moved in a raster scan pattern across the surface, autonomously undertaken by the robot arm over a 600 × 260 mm survey area. A series of radioactive sources of different emission intensities were scanned in different configurations to test the accuracy and sensitivity of the system. We demonstrate that in each test configuration the system was able to generate a centimeter accurate 3D model complete with an overlaid radiation map detailing the emitted radiation intensity and the corrected surface dose rate.

Automatic Groove Measurement and Evaluation with High Resolution Laser Profiling Data

Grooving is widely used to improve airport runway pavement skid resistance during wet weather. However, runway grooves deteriorate over time due to the combined effects of traffic loading, climate, and weather, which brings about a potential safety risk at the time of the aircraft takeoff and landing. Accordingly, periodic measurement and evaluation of groove performance are critical for runways to maintain adequate skid resistance. Nevertheless, such evaluation is difficult to implement due to the lack of sufficient technologies to identify shallow or worn grooves and slab joints. This paper proposes a new strategy to automatically identify airport runway grooves and slab joints using high resolution laser profiling data. First, K-means clustering based filter and moving window traversal algorithm are developed to locate the deepest point of the potential dips (including noises, true grooves, and slab joints). Subsequently the improved moving average filter and traversal algorithms are used to determine the left and right endpoint positions of each identified dip. Finally, the modified heuristic method is used to separate out slab joints from the identified dips, and then the polynomial support vector machine is introduced to distinguish out noises from the candidate grooves (including noises and true grooves), so that PCC slab-based runway safety evaluation can be performed. The performance of the proposed strategy is compared with that of the other two methods, and findings indicate that the new method is more powerful in runway groove and joint identification, with the F-measure score of 0.98. This study would be beneficial in airport runway groove safety evaluation and the subsequent maintenance and rehabilitation of airport runway.