Climacteric experiences in nurses: Bases for feminine care in the light of Joan Scott [Experiencias climatéricas en enfermeras: Bases para el cuidado femenino a la luz de Joan Scott]

The climacteric is a physiological stage in women that is characterized by a series of morphological, functional, psychological and emotional changes of experiences based on the care in the feminine condition. Objectives to describe and analyze the experiences of nurses based on Joan Scott's theory and to consider the basis for care. Qualitative study by means of a life history whose population consisted of ten nurses, an in-depth interview with open questions was used. Results: The following categories were evidenced: (1) Experiencing the climacteric with physical and psychological alterations, (2) Experiencing feelings of sexual inferiority, separation and incomprehension with the couple, (3) Help social networks: family, professional help, peer help, and (4) Transcend from the experiences and the bases for the achievement of a full life towards a model of integral care for women of climacteric age. It is concluded that the uncomfortable experiences of the climacteric compromises family and work interactions. In conjugal life, emotional fragility and incomprehension is still an obstacle for some women; family support provides effective help even in the most difficult moments, when the symptomatology is very intense, the woman requests professional help. For Scott, the woman establishes bonds of cultural identity, social with little understood gender differences. Therefore, the nurse must provide comprehensive and unique care, where the woman achieves a full life, building a "Model of care where strategies of action are developed directed at women in all its spheres.

An Overview on Adaptive Group Formation Technique and the Case of the AEHS MATHEMA

This chapter presents the adaptive group formation and/or peer help technique implemented by various systems so far, and particularly, by web-based adaptive educational hypermedia systems (AEHSs). At first, some concepts about group formation and peer help are described, and a general description of the MATHEMA is made. Subsequently, the overview of the adaptive group formation considers extensively how several systems have implemented this technique so far. A comparative study of the presented systems with the MATHEMA is performed and conclusions are drawn. The systems that implement the adaptive group formation and/or peer help technique are the (M)CSCL, AELS, and AEHSs. In presentation of the adaptive grouping algorithm of the MATHEMA, the following are described: (1) how the priority list is created; (2) how the learners are supported in selecting their most suitable partner; (3) how the negotiation protocol works; and (4) how the peer groups are automatically linked up for a collaboration agreement using a peer-to-peer communication tool.

Mental Health Problems among Prisoners and a Peer-help Counselling Model for Suicide Prevention

A correctional institution to incarcerate people is indispensable for every social system in the world since crime and criminals are seen in all the cultures in human history. A prison is a place of punishment in which people who violate the law are penalised as per the Indian Penal Code. The history of prison in India and constant changes in various prison conditions reflect the varying social attitude towards crime, prison and prison inmates. NCRB estimates that there are 36,900 to 3,84,700 prisoners in India and more than 10 million people all over the world (Jain, 2014). It is a known fact that a prison is a place people least prefers to visit. Life inside a prison is traumatic, stressful and a lot of mental health problems are observed inside the prison (Tosh, 1982; Janetius & Mini, 2013; Bartol & Bartol, 2014). Suicides in prison are also a global phenomenon. In 2014, prisons in England alone had 82 suicides. In India, the average annual death rate inside the prison is 375 but the reported suicide rate is less than 20 percent (Jain, 2014). Although social workers are employed in every prison, a variety of mental health service is offered mainly by social workers, psychologists and other service personnel from NGOs and other institutions in an unorganised way that reduces the stress, depression and other mental health problems of prison inmates. This empirical study describes the situation of prisoners and various causes of mental health problems, with the special reference to suicides, and evaluates the various services offered and proposes an Evidence-Based Peer-help counselling Model for suicide prevention in the prison.