Sustainable Organic Corn Production with the Use of Flame Weeding as the Most Sustainable Economical Solution

Flame weeding is an alternative method of weed control. Essentially, it is a supplement to other physical and mechanical processes used in organic production. Weed control costs have a large share of the total cost of crop production. This study aimed to investigate hand weed hoeing’s cost-effectiveness, accompanied by inter-row cultivation and flame weeding applied in organic maize production using two different machines to determine the economically best solution. For this purpose, the prototype flame weeder and commercial flame-weeding machinery were used. Designed primarily for smaller fields, the prototype flame weeder was equipped with a cultivator and a 70 kg propane bottle. Commercial Red Dragon flame weeder, fitted with an 800 kg propane tank and featuring no cultivation implements, is designed for larger areas. The analysis has shown that hand hoeing produced a higher yield (8.3 t/ha in total), but it contributed significantly to the production costs. The costs per hectare decreased when the prototype flame weeder and the commercial Red Dragon flame weeder were used compared to hand hoeing. More beneficial economic impacts were recorded when the prototype flame weeder was used (489.39 €/ha) than in applying the Red Dragon flame weeder (456.47 €/ha). The efficacy of flame weeding is somewhat limited and could be enhanced by additional hand hoeing, if the effect of the machine in terms of weeding is observed. However, the analysis has shown that, in this case, investments in additional hand hoeing are not economically justified because the operating costs incurred therein (168 €/ha) were not met by a yield increase of 500 kg/ha, i.e., a surplus revenue of 100 €/ha. Moreover, the economic impacts of flame weeding would be considerably more significant in larger fields.

SUHU DARI LUAR TANGKI MUATAN MEMPENGARUHI PROSES MEMUAT DI LPG / C. LADY HILDE

The background of the writing of this study because the freight is often encounteredsome obstacles gas which is then encapsulated in a few issues, while the problemsencountered, among others, how is the role of the temperature outside propane tank in theloading process and any attempt to do when the temperature outside is different tanks withthe temperature in the cargo tank. In this study using qualitative methods, the research aimsto explain the phenomenon of the deepest data collection. This study does not give priority topopulation size or sampling, even a very limited sampling. If the data collected has beenprofound and could explain the phenomenon under study, then no need to look for othersampling. Qualitative research is more pressing on the issue of depth (quality) of data, notthe number (quantity) of data.It can be concluded that the change in temperature outside thevessel can greatly affect the handling of loading and unloading activities, especially in thecourse of loading, at which time the temperature outside is very cold or heat can affect thecondition of the cargo and the tank.

Fire Risk Assessment and Numerical Simulation of the Pool Fire in the Epoxy Propane Tank

This paper takes the epoxy propane tank area in a chemical company in service for an example, and conducts the fire risk assessment and numerical simulation of pool fire in a single tank of this area. Through the analysis of burning flame shape, flue gas velocity of flame center and the variation of thermal radiation intensity, the destructive power of pool fire to surrounding equipment, tanks, buildings is obtained, the degree of damage to workers and rescuers around is determined. The study results are of important clinical significance for the fire fighting and safe evacuation in the epoxy propane tank area.

The Diffusion of Fear: Modeling Community Response to a Terrorist Strike

Understanding those factors critical to predicting public response is crucial to our ability to model the consequences of a terrorist strike in an urban area. To forecast community response, a system dynamics model was constructed that examines how a community is likely to respond to a terrorist attack along several dimensions. For three scenarios (anthrax attack, bomb blast and propane tank explosion) intensity of investigation, media coverage, public risk perception, diffusion of fear and community intervention are simulated over a six month period. Terrorist attacks generated intense media coverage initially resulting in high perceptions of risk and diffusion of fear. Delays in community intervention contributed to higher and more prolonged levels of fear. Perceptions of risk rose very quickly but declined quite slowly. These findings should prove useful to those wishing to predict public response to a variety of different contingencies involving terrorism.