LEGAL AND TELEOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE PROTECTIVE FUNCTION OF PROCEDURAL NORMS OF SOCIAL INSURANCE

Determining the protective function of the norms of the pre-trial procedure in cases of pension and retirement benefits based on the aim and scope of the norms is not only possible but also necessary for a wider understanding of social insurance. The legal and teleological context plays the role of a determinant of the aim of a legal norm desired by the legislator and allows for the indication of exemplary institutions which, established by the legislator, perform a protective function. When norms are being examined through the prism of the psychological theory of law they show that social security law is a psychological phenomenon and should be subjected to a multidimensional study that will reveal the intended aim of the legislator. The protective function is also performed by a specific procedure model with the precisely defined boundaries of the function. From the sociological perspective, an undesirable goal is also important, unintended by the legislator, which is caused by the norms fulfilling the protective function, and which is visible from the conducted analysis.

A Procedure Model for Low Emission Transportation Chain Planning

Low-emission planning in freight transportation is one of the main levers to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. For a sustainable planning approach, a strategic solution for this planning problem is needed. Based on several literature reviews, a procedure model is developed, which is meant to be used for the development and adjustment of a low-emission transportation chain reference model. The procedure model consists of the decision steps needed to develop a low-emission transportation chain (LETC) reference model and it is structured into main decision processes and sub-decision processes. A first draft of the LETC-Model is presented in form of an ARIS-Express model.

Stages of Disciplinary Proceedings for Civil Servants of the Russian Federation

The paper examines the content and structure of law enforcement in connection with the commission of disciplinary offenses by civil servants through the implementation of procedural norms of disciplinary proceedings that represents one of the forms of enforcing social and, as a variety of them, law rules. The author characterises such an independent element of the legal process as the stages of procedural hearings, shows the correlation for differentiation between their content and the main stages of law enforcement. The author analizes approaches to determining the stage of the legal and administrative procedure, highlights their features and proposes to apply the results of the analysis to determining the stage of hearings in disciplinary cases. The author shows the points of view of specialists on the system and types of the main and optional stages of proceedings in disciplinary cases brought against civil servants, substantiates the criteria underlying the selection of a certain procedural stage, their functional role in proceedings and draws a conclusion about the types of stages of proceedings in disciplinary cases. The paper substantiates the opinion that the revision of a disciplinary case as a separate, independent stage, not included in the structure of this proceeding, is possible through the resolution of a public service dispute. In conclusion, the author characterises the existing procedure (model) of proceedings for the imposition of a disciplinary sanction that can be simplified and ordinary (complete).

PROCEDURE MODEL FOR STRUCTURED RELATIONAL MODELING OF REQUIREMENTS TO SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS-ORIENTED DECISION MAKING

The development of complex technical systems is characterized by a large number of system elements as well as their interactions. With regard to requirements management, many requirements have to be considered, which can have different relations to each other. If these requirements are used as basis for criteria in the decision making process, these relations must also be considered in the multi-criteria evaluation of product alternatives. Therefore, a computer-aided approach is presented in this paper, which allows the systematic modeling of requirement interactions focusing on multi-criteria decision making. For this purpose, basic relation types are identified, which are used to model submatrices in order to derive the Requirement Relation Matrix (RRM). Matrix-based as well as graph-based visualization methods are used for the RRM in order to improve the alternatives with the knowledge about the relational linkage. In addition, the effects of changes in requirements can be transferred to the decision making process. The approach is exemplarily applied to the extension of a test laboratory by a test bench.

Agile Weiterentwicklung durch Produktinkremente/Agile Further Development through Product Increments – Procedure Model for the Continuous Development of Mechatronic Products

Neue Technologien kommen mit zunehmender Geschwindigkeit auf den Markt, während Kundenanforderungen unbeständiger und weniger vorhersehbar werden. Diese VUCA-Bedingungen erfordern eine zunehmende Reaktions- und Anpas- sungsfähigkeit von Entwicklern und Prozessen. Das in diesem Beitrag präsentierte „Procedure Model for Agile Further Development“ (PM4AFD) ist hierfür ein agiler Ansatz zur Weiterentwicklung von Produkten mithilfe von Minimum Viable Product Increments (MVPIs).   New technologies are evolving rapidly, while customer requirements are becoming more volatile and less predictable. These VUCA conditions require developers and development processes to be increasingly responsive and adaptive. The Procedure Model for Agile Further Development (PM4AFD) is an agile approach for further developing products using Minimum Viable Product Increments (MVPIs).

Knowledge Transfer and Introduction of Industry 4.0 in SMEs

Industry 4.0 is for most companies and especially for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) one of the major challenges after the wave of lean management. The aim of this chapter is to provide a methodological guidance for the practical use of the Industry 4.0 vision and principles in production system design in the specific context of SMEs. Based on the analysis of literature, a procedure model for the target-oriented introduction of Industry 4.0 principles in SMEs is proposed. A first practical evaluation of the approach is carried out based on two industrial case studies. The experiences made in the industrial cases show that Industry 4.0 is not limited to the application in large enterprises but is very suitable also for SME. This chapter contributes, with its case-study-based methodology, to the existing sparse knowledge on the introduction of Industry 4.0 in SME production systems.

Sustainable Business Models–Canvas for Sustainability, Evaluation Method, and Their Application to Additive Manufacturing in Aircraft Maintenance

The topic of sustainable business models is growing in literature and in the industry, driving companies to search for opportunities to improve their impact on the three pillars of sustainability—profit, people, and planet (economic, social, and environmental). However, the process of developing sustainable business models is often complex, due to conflicting objectives from the three dimensions of sustainability. This paper presents a procedure model that supports the design and assessment of business models with a sustainable perspective, by integrating a new business model canvas for sustainability (BMCS) and an evaluation method to assess it. A comprehensive assessment is proposed, performed in a life cycle perspective. The proposed model is applied and validated with a real case study, based on a new business model for an aircraft maintenance, repair, and overhaul company. The case is based on shifting from traditional maintenance, repair, and overhaul activities to adopting additive manufacturing as an activity that allows manufacturing optimized spare parts with benefits for the costumer. The results show the application of the procedure model on a specific case study, as well as the potential of additive manufacturing as a driver for more sustainable business models in the aircraft maintenance sector.