Relations between Contact Duration, Type of Work Use of Personal Protective Equipment and Contact Dermatitis among Electroplaters

Introduction: Occupational contact dermatitis is defined as a skin disorder that occurs after work and caused by work process. Electroplating is one of the jobs which has high contact dermatitis risk because there are irritant chemicals such as nickel and chromium. This study aimed to identify the relationship between risk factors for occupational-induced contact dermatitis and electroplaters at CV. X and CV. Y, Durungbanjar Village, Sidoarjo District. Method: This research was an observational study using cross-sectional approach. The sample was a total population of 28 people, consisting of 13 electroplaters at CV. X and 15 electroplaters at CV. Y in Durungbanjar Village. The study was conducted in November - May 2019. Data were collected using questionnaires, observations and medical record sheets. The variables in this study were contact duration, contact frequency, type of work and the use of personal protective equipment. Result: Result showed that 64.3% of electroplaters suffered from contact dermatitis. Contact duration factor had a very strong correlation of c = 0.764, contact frequency factor had a strong correlation of c = 0.710, type of work had strong correlation of c = 0.616, personal hygiene factor had strong correlation of c = 0.547 and the use of personal protective equipment also had strong correlation of c = 0.545. Conclusion: There is a very strong correlation between contact duration and contact dermatitis. Contact frequency, type of work and the use of personal protective equipment had strong correlation to contact dermatitis among electroplaters. The higher contact duration and frequency with irritant substances among the electroplaters, the higher the increase of the risk of contact dermatitis among the electroplaters. Some occupational efforts and recommendations can be made to reduce the risk of contact dermatitis. Keywords: contact dermatitis, electroplating, risk factors

Correlation between Environmental and Individual Factors with Dermatitis Contact on Tobacco Farmers

Introduction: Contact dermatitis is inflammation caused by substance which attaches to the skin. This contact dermatitis is divided into two, which are irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of contact dermatitis that occurred in translucent farmers in Ambulu village, Ambulu District, Jember district. Methods: The type of this research was observational analytic research with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 61 tobacco farmers of ambulu village, taken by simple random sampling technique to obtain 53 tobacco farmers. The independent variables in this study were tenure, the frequency of contact, the duration of contact and age. The dependent variable was contact dermatitis. The test used to determine whether there was a relationship was the Chi-Square test. The results of this study were the results of frequency analysis of tobacco farmer contacts having a p-value of 0.020 smaller than 0.05 it is means that there was a relationship. The duration of contact p-value of 0.000 smaller than 0.05 so that there was a relationship between contact time and contact dermatitis. For the work period variables, there was not a relationship with contact dermatitis with p-value 0.210 greater than 0.05, while for the results of the age analysis obtained a p-value of 0.455 so that there was no relationship between over and contact dermatitis. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the frequency of contact and the duration of contact with contact dermatitis whereas for the working period and age there is no relationship with contact dermatitis Keywords: contact dermatitis, tobacco farmers

Vulvar Lesions in the Pediatric Patient

Vulvar lesions are a common complaint for which pediatric patients seek medical attention. Please refer to the chapter on Prepubertal Vulvovaginitis for more details. A careful history and physical exam, including full skin exam should be performed when pediatric and adolescent patients present with vulvar complaints. The chief complaint and chronicity of the symptoms can narrow the differential. The chronicity and areas of dermatologic involvement can also be key to diagnosing a systemic condition versus a primary vulvar dermatosis. When the latter is assumed, a referral to an appropriate specialist such as a Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecologist or Dermatologist should be considered. Treatment for vulvar dermatoses should be etiology dependent with consideration of systemic treatment as appropriately indicated. Vulvar hygiene should be considered in all patients as restoring the skin barrier and removing potential irritants is imperative to healing and preventing further irritation. This review contains 1 figure, 2 tables, and 25 references. Keywords: vulva, vulva dermatosis, vulvovaginitis, lichen sclerosus, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, streptococcus vulvovaginitis, irritant dermatitis, contact dermatitis

Vulvar Lesions in the Pediatric Patient

Vulvar lesions are a common complaint for which pediatric patients seek medical attention. Please refer to the chapter on Prepubertal Vulvovaginitis for more details. A careful history and physical exam, including full skin exam should be performed when pediatric and adolescent patients present with vulvar complaints. The chief complaint and chronicity of the symptoms can narrow the differential. The chronicity and areas of dermatologic involvement can also be key to diagnosing a systemic condition versus a primary vulvar dermatosis. When the latter is assumed, a referral to an appropriate specialist such as a Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecologist or Dermatologist should be considered. Treatment for vulvar dermatoses should be etiology dependent with consideration of systemic treatment as appropriately indicated. Vulvar hygiene should be considered in all patients as restoring the skin barrier and removing potential irritants is imperative to healing and preventing further irritation. This review contains 1 figure, 2 tables, and 25 references. Keywords: vulva, vulva dermatosis, vulvovaginitis, lichen sclerosus, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, streptococcus vulvovaginitis, irritant dermatitis, contact dermatitis

INDIVIDUALIZED HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT OF CONTACT DERMATITIS: A CASE REPORT

Contact dermatitis is a type of skin eruption. It is caused by chemical or physical substance comes in contact with skin that causes allergic reaction. Contact dermatitis can be caused by different compound in home or work. It is chronic or continuous, non-contagious in nature. Here, a18 year’s old girl presented with a popular eruption over flexor aspect of wrist joint and over both ear lobes over last 3 to 4 years. It was a diagnosed case of contact dermatitis. She was successfully treated by individualized Homoeopathic treatment with single medicine Calcarea Carb over 4 to 5 months. She initially did not show stable improvement on homoeopathic medicine selected on the basis of symptoms. On changing the medicine considering mental symptoms and physical general, she gradually showed good improvement and reached remission by 3 months. Remission maintained without any recurrence over the next 2 years. It shows positive role of Homoeopathic treatment in contact dermatitis in a young woman. Keywords: Homoeopathy, Dermatitis, Contact, Treatment.

Dermatitis Contact In Warehouse Workers

Dermatitis contact is dermatitis (inflammation of the skin) that can occur due to work. The prevalence rate is still high among workers. Botot warehouse workers can also be at risk of experiencing this. The purpose of this study was to determine what factors influence the incidence of contact dermatitis in Botot warehouse workers in Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency. Quantitative research The study population was all Botot warehouse workers, 30 workers, and all of them used as research samples. Collection by using a questionnaire with direct interviews. Data analysis using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the majority of workers during the last six months had experienced an incidence of dermatitis by 73.3%. Knowledge and personal hygiene are factors that influence the prevalence of contact dermatitis, while individual elements (age and sex) do not affect the incidence of dermatitis in Botot workers. The conclusion in this study, the most dominant factor influencing the prevalence of contact dermatitis is personal hygiene.

Detrimental effects of perfumes, aroma & cosmetics

Perfumes have been historically used primarily for fragrance. Aroma or fragrance has also been added to the cosmetics to make it more attractive. These fragrance products emit a range of chemicals including hazardous pollutants but the ingredients do not fully disclosed on the product label. Hence, they are found to cause various detrimental effects ion human health. The detrimental effects associated with the use of perfumes are contact dermatitis, contact urticaria, and photo allergy and photo toxicity. Detrimental effects of cosmetics are lungs disease, damage to reproductive organs, skin allergies, excessive hair problems, headache and cancer. The present review summarizes some of the harmful effects caused by the use of fragrance products including perfumes, aroma and cosmetics. Moreover, the preventive measures which have to be taken care of have also been discussed.