Reflection of Religious Intolerance Myth in Video Construction “Sayyid El-Rais” Based on Barthes Perspective

This research aims to develop denotative and connotative meanings in sayyid El-Rais' videos, as well as reveal myths based on Barthes's perspective. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data collection technique used observation and taking notes technique. Researchers used descriptive analysis techniques based on the Miles and Huberman model are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that reading of first level in semiotics perspective produced several codes that referred to text structure including; symbolic, semantic, and hermeneutic. Denotatively, the speech in video reflect outpouring of a Palestinian child about incidents that happened to him, called deprived homeland. The second level reading that refers to code development resulted in a myth of religious tolerance. In connotative meaning, there are portraits of religious intolerance that are carried in these stories. This speech presents as religious intolerance representation felt by the Palestinian people so that the author's message that can be taken through this portraits is able to increase awareness of religious tolerance and empathy for others as humanity form

The Existential Underpinnings of Intergroup Helping: When Normative and Defensive Motivations Collide

Five studies examined defensive intergroup helping—when responsibility for an out-group victim’s injury decreases helping, whereas lack of responsibility increases helping when death is salient. In Study 1 ( N = 350), implicit death primes increased petition signings to allow a Palestinian child to receive medical treatment in Israel, when the child was a victim of Palestinian fire. When the child was a victim of Israeli fire, however, death primes decreased petition signings. Study 2 ( N = 200) partially replicated these effects on commitment to donate blood to an injured Palestinian child. Study 3 ( N = 162) found that moral affirmation primes moderate defensive helping effects. Study 4 ( N = 372) replicated defensive helping, but failed to replicate the moral affirmation effect found in Study 3. Study 5 ( N = 243) partially replicated defensive helping and found that different framings of existential threat moderate the effect. Overall, results indicate that self-protective concerns underlie prosocial responses to out-group members in need.

Combined mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid deficiency is caused by a novel founder nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase mutation that alters mitochondrial morphology and increases oxidative stress

BackgroundFamilial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) reflects specific failure of adrenocortical glucocorticoid production in response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Most cases are caused by mutations encoding ACTH-receptor components (MC2R, MRAP) or the general steroidogenesis protein (StAR). Recently, nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) mutations were found to cause FGD through a postulated mechanism resulting from decreased detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adrenocortical cells.Methods and resultsIn a consanguineous Palestinian family with combined mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid deficiency, whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous NNT_c.598 G>A, p.G200S, mutation. Another affected, unrelated Palestinian child was also homozygous for NNT_p.G200S. Haplotype analysis showed this mutation is ancestral; carrier frequency in ethnically matched controls is 1/200. Assessment of patient fibroblasts for ROS production, ATP content and mitochondrial morphology showed that biallelic NNT mutations result in increased levels of ROS, lower ATP content and morphological mitochondrial defects.ConclusionsThis report of a novel NNT mutation, p.G200S, expands the phenotype of NNT mutations to include mineralocorticoid deficiency. We provide the first patient-based evidence that NNT mutations can cause oxidative stress and both phenotypic and functional mitochondrial defects. These results directly demonstrate the importance of NNT to mitochondrial function in the setting of adrenocortical insufficiency.