Relationship between lipid accumulation product index and arterial stiffness in the Chinese population with hypertension: a report from the China Hypertension Registry Study

Background: The relation of LAP index with baPWV have been evaluated in several previous studies and yield inconsistent results. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the lipid accumulation product (LAP) index and arterial stiffness in the Chinese population with hypertension.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in 4926 participants chinese population with hypertension (aged 64.42 ± 9.44years). The LAP was developed from population-based frequency plots of adult waist circumferences and circulating triglyceride concentrations. Arterial stifness was determined by measuring brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).Results: Multivariate linear regression analyses showed that LAP index was independently and positively associated with baPWV (β, 25.06 cm/s (95% confdence interval [CI]: 10.91, 39.22 cm/s). Consistently, Multiple logistic analyses showed a positive association between LAP index risk of elevated baPWV (>75th percentile) (odds ratio [OR], 1.24; 95% CI 1.09, 1.40). A restricted cubic spline showed that the significant linear association existed between LAP index and baPWV. Similar results were found in various subgroups.Conclusion: LAP is a signifcant positive associated with with baPWV and elevated baPWV in Chinese hypertensive adults.

Increased leukotriene B4 plasma concentration in type 2 diabetes individuals with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy

Background and aim A low-grade inflammation is associated with cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and increased concentration of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) was found in individuals with type 1 diabetes and definitive CAN. This cross-sectional study evaluated plasma concentration of LTB4 and of other inflammatory mediators, namely, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)1B, and IL10 in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and different degrees of CAN, and correlated these inflammatory mediators with the degree of glycemic control and with a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. Methods TNF, IL1B, IL10 and LTB4 plasma concentrations were measured in 129 T2D subjects (62% women with [median] age of 63 years, disease duration of 8 years and HbA1c of 7.3%) with or without CAN. The Lipid accumulation product index was used as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. Results LTB4 concentration was significantly higher in those presenting incipient CAN (69.7 ± 16.6 pg mL-1) and definitive CAN (71.5 ± 15.7 pg mL-1) versus those without CAN (57.0 ± 13.9 pg mL-1). The groups without CAN and with incipient CAN were pooled (group without definitive CAN) and compared to those with definitive CAN. LTB4 concentration was higher in the latter group, as well as TNF concentration, while IL10 concentration was lower in this group. After adjustment for confounding variables, only LTB4 concentration remained significantly different between the groups with and without definitive CAN. Plasma concentration of LTB4 did not correlate with the degree of glycemic control. After sorting the participants by sex, a borderline weak correlation was found between LTB4 and the Lipid accumulation product index in women. Conclusion In the T2D setting, circulating LTB4 concentration seems to be associated with cardiovascular dysautonomia.

Increased Leukotriene B4 Plasma Concentration in Type 2 Diabetes Individuals with Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy

Background and Aim: A low-grade inflammation is associated with cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and increased concentration of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) was found in individuals with type 1 diabetes and definitive CAN. This cross-sectional study evaluated plasma concentration of LTB4 and of other inflammatory mediators, namely, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)1B, and IL10 in individuals with T2D and different degrees of CAN, and correlated these inflammatory mediators with the degree of glycemic control and with a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. Methods: TNF, IL1B, IL10 and LTB4 plasma concentrations were measured in 129 T2D subjects (62% women with [median] age of 63 years, disease duration of 8 years and HbA1c of 7.3%) with or without CAN. The Lipid accumulation product index was used as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. Results LTB4 concentration was significantly higher in those presenting incipient CAN (69.7 ± 16.6 pg. mL-1) and definitive CAN (71.5 ± 15.7 pg. mL-1) versus those without CAN (57.0 ± 13.9 pg. mL-1). The groups without CAN and with incipient CAN were pooled (group without definitive CAN) and compared to those with definitive CAN. LTB4 concentration was higher in the latter group, as well as TNF concentration, while IL10 concentration was lower in this group. After adjustment for confounding variables, only LTB4 concentration remained significantly different between the groups with and without definitive CAN. Plasma concentration of LTB4 did not correlate with the degree of glycemic control. After sorting the participants by sex, a borderline weak correlation was found between LTB4 and the Lipid accumulation product index in women. Conclusion: In the T2D setting, circulating LTB4 concentration seems to be associated with cardiovascular dysautonomia.