A monoclonal antibody that neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants, SARS-CoV, and other sarbecoviruses

The repeated emergence of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses as well as their evolving variants highlight the need to develop potent and broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics and vaccines. By screening monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from COVID-19-convalescent patients, we found one mAb, 2-36, with cross-neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV. We solved the cryo-EM structure of 2-36 in complex with SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV spike, revealing a highly conserved epitope in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Antibody 2-36 neutralized not only all current circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants and SARS-COV, but also a panel of bat and pangolin sarbecoviruses that can use human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor. We selected 2-36-escape viruses in vitro and confirmed that K378T in SARS-CoV-2 RBD led to viral resistance. Taken together, 2-36 represents a strategic reserve drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of possible diseases caused by pre-emergent SARS-related coronaviruses. Its epitope defines a promising target for the development of a pan-sarbecovirus vaccine.

Comparison of Prescribing Errors in Different Wards of Tertiary Care Hospital before and after Implementation of CPOE System

Background: Medication prescribing errors were always known as inevitable errors in health care system which mainly includes physician’s writing error which then leads to wrong dispensing error. Manual Prescribing has now shifted to CPOE System that seems to be more efficient. Through this system, it is believed that quality and patient security is improved by lessening medicine and different mistakes at various phases of the request the board procedure and by maintaining a strategic reserve from repetitive testing. This Study was conducted to compare the prescribing errors in different hospital wards of a tertiary care hospital for in-patients by using two approaches; Manual Prescribing and CPOE System Prescribing. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on manual prescriptions for three months and on CPOE prescriptions for three months. In this way a total of 4102 prescriptions were evaluated for different types of prescribing errors occurred in different wards. Whole study was conducted on In-patients from all the wards in the hospital except Emergency and OPD patients. Results and Discussion: The results showed that the maximum number of manual prescription errors were found in Medical ICU ward, while prescribing errors for CPOE setup were found comparatively at higher rate in Medicinal ward. It was also found that maximum frequency of prescribing errors were found in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in both the settings; CPOE System and Manual Prescribing Conclusion: It was concluded that CPOE system is helpful for reducing prescribing errors but it must be supervised by pharmacists to overcome potential errors.

Improvement of work with the personnel reserve as an element of personnel technologies for personnel development

The article considers the features of the formation and improvement of work with the personnel reserve in university collectives on the example of the Omsk State University of Railway Transport. Personnel services that apply these areas will be able to actively implement them in their activities to strengthen the human potential of employees working in organizations, expand the functionality of employees with the help of newly acquired knowledge, as well as build new forms of relations with candidates in a promising, strategic reserve for further development of universities in a period of change.

Strategizing of Kuzbass water resources

The authors explore efficient use of water resources as one of the strategic trends for development of the Kemerovo region which can be achieved by developing regional water supply and drainage systems. Thus, the purpose of the study is to define the major trends for long-term development strategies of water supply and drainage in Kuzbass which will take into account potential risks and strategic threats and which will be aimed at realization of strategic opportunities of the region. The study is based on Dr. V.L. Kvint’s theory of strategy and strategizing methodology. The authors analyze the original state of the regional water resources in dynamics, the structure of water use, global and regional trends which affect the global water resources (an increasing lack of water resources in the world, primarily), growing digitalization of water resources management systems, water supply and drainage systems, and they estimate their impact on Kuzbass water resources. The authors use the results of the analysis to determine the strategic trends for developing water supply and drainage in Kuzbass: creating strategic reserve of fresh water in Kuzbass, increasing reliability and energy efficiency of water supply and drainage system of Kuzbass, incorporating high technology into water supply and drainage system in Kuzbass, production of branded bottled drinking water in Kuzbass. Such strategic approach will provide for efficient use of water resources in the long-term perspective.

The Potential of Iron Ore Tailings as Secondary Deposits of Rare Earths

Rare earths have appeared in the market with new energy and Information Technology and Communications (ITC) applications. While their demand grows exponentially, their production is experiencing a bottleneck given that their deposits are concentrated in very few locations, mainly in China. This scarcity and dependence have turned them into strategic minerals, and the location of new sources has become vital. On the other hand, the inevitable trend towards sustainability favors the reuse of waste to avoid the degradation of new areas and the need for waste storage. One of the biggest generators of waste is iron mining. The tailings are stored in huge ponds with consequent environmental problems and risks. As tailings come from a concentration process, they incorporate different amounts of rare earths depending on their separation behavior. To evaluate the viability of these resources as potential repositories of rare earths, samples of different types of deposits and treatments were selected. The presence of different rare earths in them was determined through spectroscopy techniques to evaluate their use as a deposit. The results show an increase in the concentration of rare earths, especially high-density ones, which, although currently not economically feasible given the very wide geographical distribution of iron mining, represent a fundamental strategic reserve.