Review on Emotion Recognition Using Facial Expressions

The advent of artificial intelligence technology has reduced the gap between humans and machines as equips man to create more near-perfect humanoids. Facial expression is an important tool to communicate one’s emotions as a non-verbally overview of emotion recognition using facial expressions. A remarkable advantage of such a technique recently improved public security through tracking and recognizing, thus led to the high attention to keep up the scientific research in the field. The approaches used for facial expression include classifiers like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Convolution Neural Network (CNN), Active Appearance and Machine learning which all used to classify emotions based on certain parts of interest on the face like lips, lower jaw, eyebrows, cheeks and many more. By comparison, the reviews have shown that the average accuracy of the basic emotion ranged from 51% up to 100%, whereas carrying through 7% to 13% in the compound emotions, hence indicated that the indispensable emotion is much comfortable to recognize.

Metal-Selective Processing from the Los Sulfatos Porphyry-Type Deposit in Chile: Co, Au, and Re Recovery Workflows Based on Advanced Geochemical Characterization

Sulfides extracted from porphyry-type deposits can contain a number of metals critical for the global energy transition, e.g., Co and precious metals such as Au and Re. These metals are currently determined on composite mineral samples, which commonly results in their dilution. Thus, it is possible that some metals of interest are overlooked during metallurgical processing and are subsequently lost to tailings. Here, an advanced geochemical characterization is implemented directly on metal-bearing sulfides, determining the grade of each targeted trace metal and recognizing its specific host mineral. Results show that pyrite is a prime host mineral for Co (up to 24,000 ppm) and commonly contains Au (up to 5 ppm), while molybdenite contains high grades of Re (up to 514 ppm) and Au (up to 31 ppm). Both minerals represent around 0.2% of the mineralized samples. The dataset is used to evaluate the possibility of extracting trace metals as by-products during Cu-sulfide processing, by the addition of unit operations to conventional plant designs. A remarkable advantage of the proposed workflows is that costs of mining, crushing, and grinding stages are accounted for in the copper production investments. The proposed geochemical characterization can be applied to other porphyry-type operations to improve the metallic benefits from a single deposit.

Eastern Anatolıa Regıon Wıth Respect To Tourısm Based Development

Significant developments and changes happened in economic, technological, political, social and cultural fields in recent years crucially affected tourism sector/segment. Despite the fact that Turkey, which possesses a majör potential with rich cultural, historical and natural values, has a remarkable advantage in terms of tourism, it couldn't enjoy this advantage for long years. Development of tourism sector/segment in Turkey is encountered in post 1980 era. In this era Tourism Incentive Law, taking decisions regarding Promotion of Foreign Exchange Earning Services and Businesses, enactment of Foreign Capital Law, decisions taken on the subject of bending law no. 31, Protection Order of Turkish Currency Value became crucial factors in development of tourism. As a result of these decisions taken, tourism income, which was 326 million USD in 1980, has risen up to 35 billion USD in 2017. Tourism's share in GDP has risen from %0.6 to the level of %4 for the same years. Tourism sector/segment is gaining greater importance in decreasing regional derangement/conflict, developing of underdeveloped regions which lack sufficent resources and opportunities for agriculture and industrial sector on the other hand have rich tourism potential. Main purpose of this research is measuring potiential usability of Eastern Anatolia Region, which has a unique beauty in terms of tourism, so much the more Hakkari zone and providing recognisability by destroying negative image of this zone.

Computation of the main and fringe fields for the electrostatic quadrupoles of the muon g − 2 storage ring

We developed a highly accurate and fully Maxwellian conformal mapping method for calculation of main fields of electrostatic particle optical elements. A remarkable advantage of this method is the possibility of rapid recalculations with geometric asymmetries and mispowered plates. We used this conformal mapping method to calculate the multipole terms of the high voltage quadrupoles in the storage ring of the Muon [Formula: see text] Experiment (FNAL-E-0989). Next, we demonstrate that an effect where the observed tunes correspond to a voltage that is about [Formula: see text] higher compared to the voltage to which the Muon [Formula: see text] quadrupoles are set is explained by the conceptual and quantitative differences between the beam optics quadrupole voltage and the quadrupole voltage at the plates. Completing the methodological framework for field computations, we present a method for extracting multipole strength falloffs of a particle optical element from a set of Fourier mode falloffs. We calculated the quadrupole strength falloff and its effective field boundary (EFB) for the Muon [Formula: see text] quadrupole, which has explained the experimentally measured tunes, while simple estimates based on a linear model exhibited discrepancies up to [Formula: see text].

Constraints in thermodynamic extremal principles for non-local dissipative processes

Phenomena treated by non-equilibrium thermodynamics can be very effectively described by thermodynamic variational principles. The remarkable advantage of such an approach consists in possibility to account for an arbitrary number of constraints among state or kinetic variables stemming, e.g., from conservation laws or balance equations. As shown in the current paper, the variational principles can provide original evolution equations for the state variables implicitly respecting the constraints. Moreover, the variational approach allows formulating the problem directly in discrete state variables and deriving their evolution equations without the necessity to solve partial differential equations. The variational approach makes it also possible to use different kinetic variables in formulation of dissipation and dissipation function.

Shape Effects of Cylindrical versus Spherical Unimolecular Polymer Nanomaterials on in Vitro and in Vivo Behaviors

To date, how the shape of nanomaterials influences their biological properties is poorly understood, due to the insufficient controllability of current preparative methods, especially in the shape and size of nanomaterials. In this paper, we achieved the precise syntheses of nanoscale unimolecular cylindrical polymer brushes (CPBs) and spherical polymer nanoparticles (SPNPs) with the same volume and surface chemistry, which ensured that shape was essentially the only variable when their biological performance was compared. Accurate shape effects were obtained. Impressively, the CPBs had remarkable advantage in tissue penetration over the SPNPs. The CPBs also exhibited higher cellular uptake and rapider body clearance than the SPNPs, whereas the SPNPs had longer blood circulation time, rapider tumor vascular extravasation, and higher tumor accumulation than the CPBs. Additionally, this work also provided a controllable synthesis strategy for nanoscale unimolecular SPNPs by integrating 21 CPBs to a β-cyclodextrin core, whose diameter in dry state could be up to 45 nm.

Algorithms for 3D Particles Characterization Using X-Ray Microtomography in Proppant Crush Test

We present image processing algorithms for a new technique of ceramic proppant crush resistance characterization. To obtain the images of the proppant material before and after the test we used X-ray microtomography. We propose a watershed-based unsupervised algorithm for segmentation of proppant particles, as well as a set of parameters for the characterization of 3D particle size, shape, and porosity. An effective approach based on central geometric moments is described. The approach is used for calculation of particles’ form factor, compactness, equivalent ellipsoid axes lengths, and lengths of projections to these axes. Obtained grain size distribution and crush resistance fit the results of conventional test measured by sieves. However, our technique has a remarkable advantage over traditional laboratory method since it allows to trace the destruction at the level of individual particles and their fragments; it grants to analyze morphological features of fines. We also provide an example describing how the approach can be used for verification of statistical hypotheses about the correlation between particles’ parameters and their crushing under load.

Acute appendicitis: not just a therapeutic puzzle to solve

Over the last 5 years, acute appendicitis (AA) is definitely drawing the scientific attention. As the timing in efficiently and promptly treating patients with AA is essential, any potential blind spot in understanding the disease should be clarified. Consequently, physicians will be able to address the patient towards the more appropriate therapeutic pathway (antibiotic or surgery) and avoid any harmful delay. Currently, neither surgery nor antibiotic seem offer a remarkable advantage to the patients therefore surgery remains the gold-standard in treating AA in accordance to the historical dogma.

Integration of Communication in a Game to Reflect and Discuss Dietary Habits among School Aged Children

A new game that allows the players to reflect and discuss dietary habits, specifically targeting school-aged children, was developed. The game places greater emphasis on reflection and communication than competition and goal pursuit. An assessment experiment in an elementary school was performed and its findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the game. The most remarkable advantage of the game is that the goal of the game itself is a rich message, created by reflecting the players' dietary habits. It is a new type of game in which play and communication is integrated to attain further balanced understanding of one's and others' dietary lives. The game has high potential for improvement and expansion, as its rules, theme, and card set can be adapted to suit various educational purposes. Moreover, its computerization will not only assist in its widespread distribution, but will also enable adding new useful features.