INFLUENCE OF A PRIORI INFORMATION ON THE MULTIPLE MODEL ALGORITHM CONVERGENCE DURING TRACKING A BALLISTIC TARGET

Рассмотрена задача сопровождения маневрирующего баллистического объекта на этапе входа в атмосферу с помощью пассивной антенной решетки. Предложено использовать многомодельный алгоритм на основе расширенного и сигма-точечного фильтров Калмана. Проанализировано влияние точности априорной информации на сходимость многомодельного алгоритма. С помощью математического моделирования проведено сравнение с одиночными фильтрами Калмана. The problem of reentry ballistic target tracking with a passive antenna array is considered. Multiple model algorithm based on extended and sigma-point Kalman filters is proposed. A priori information accuracy influence on the convergence of multiple model algorithm is analyzed. Using mathematical modeling, the results were compared with regular extended Kalman filters.

Active Integrated Antenna

This chapter discusses the active integrated antenna (AIA), which is the integration of an antenna with an active circuitry that acts as a radiating element as well as to perform additional functions simultaneously. The designs of AIA can be generalized into three different classifications, the amplifier type, the oscillator type, and the frequency conversion type. An AIA is classified as the amplifier type when its active device functions as an amplifier. Correspondingly, an AIA is classified as the oscillator type when its active device offers the function of an oscillator while the frequency conversion type of AIA integrates an active device with a passive antenna element for the purpose of frequency translation.

Design of penta-band low noise amplifier with integrated active antenna for vehicular communications

The design and integration of penta-band planar antenna with a low noise amplifier (LNA) for vehicular wireless applications is discussed in this research. By integrating antenna with a LNA, the return loss can be kept low with the increased bandwidth compared with a passive antenna with the same design. The performance of the passive antenna, LNA, and integrated active antenna (IAA) are individually validated with the aid of vector network analyzer. The designed IAA covers navigational frequencies 1.2 and 1.5 GHz, wireless communication frequencies 2.4, 3.3 GHz and dedicated short range communication frequency 5.8 GHz, with LNA gain (>10 dB) and noise figure (<2 dB). The proposed design gives room for simultaneous reception of all the desired frequency bands with better performance for vehicular communications.