RESULTS OF A STUDY OF THE AMMONIA ABSORPTION EFFICIENCY BY A BRINЕ IN A VORTEX DEVICE

Object of research: vortex mass transfer device for the effective absorption of ammonia by brine in soda production. Investigated problem: intensification of mass transfer processes and ensuring effective absorption of ammonia with small dimensions of the device and low hydraulic resistance Main scientific results: studies of ammonia absorption efficiency in a laboratory device are carried out, which confirm the operability of the proposed device design. The dependences of the efficiency of the vortex device on the ammonia concentration and the brine consumption are revealed. The flow velocity and pressure in the device are simulated at various capacities. Scope of practical use of the research results: the research results can be used in the design of mass transfer equipment, primarily equipment for purifying emissions from ammonia and gas breakers from soda ash columns. Innovative technological product: the design of the vortex device, which allows achieving a high degree of absorption in ammonia with a concentration of up to 130 g/m3 of the order of 99 % at low operational (due to low hydraulic resistance) and capital (due to the compactness and small size of the installation) costs. Scope of the innovative technological product: the vortex device of the proposed design can be used to clean emissions, absorption of ammonia vapor or other mass transfer processes.

Experimental research of thermohydraulic dispatcher operating regimes

Heat carrier transportation in district heating (DH) systems is an issue of a significant energy saving potential. This potential can be achieved by applying a thermohydraulic dispatcher (THD) into DH systems. THD is a vertical or horizontal shunt pipe of a large diameter with relatively low hydraulic resistance in comparison with that of connected circuits. Installation of THD along with distributed variable speed pumps in DH systems can lead to reducing or even eliminating electric energy losses caused by throttling of redundant hydraulic head. It also leads to decreasing pressure in heat supply network which improves reliability of the network. But the opportunity of further rational implementation of THD in DH systems is limited because of insufficient amount of theoretical and experimental research. This paper is concerned with the experimental research of THD operating regimes. Already known aspects of THD operation were checked and proved. New dependencies were obtained for bypassing regime and for mixing regime of THD. Besides, different types of the primary circuit connection to THD were considered: connection for non-condensing boilers and connection for condensing boilers. Simplified models describing bypassing and mixing regimes of THD were proposed. It is possible to estimate return temperature of primary circuit with the help of the bypassing regime model with an error less than 1%. At the same time the mixing regime model is suitable for finding supply temperatures of primary circuits with an error less than 2%.The results of this paper can be used for further research and development of DH systems with THD. Such systems could be traditional as well as prospective ones (low temperature and pressure DH systems).

Development of a pulsation dampener for hydraulic systems of power plants

The article considers the development of a capacitance-type pressure pulsation dampener. The pressure pulsation dampener is used to reduce the noise of hydraulic systems which are subject to increased requirements for vibro-acoustic characteristics. The developed pressure pulsation dampener is a flexible element with negligible hydraulic resistance. This element contains a gas cavity the pressure in which depends on its deformation. Overall dimensions of the dampener under investigation do not exceed the dimensions of a standard pipeline. This property, along with its low hydraulic resistance, is an advantage over its analogues. The article analyzes the known pressure pulsation dampeners and considers two design schemes of the proposed device. The experimental results of analyzing the dampener that showed its high efficiency (5 ... 40 dB) in a wide range of pressure oscillations in the fluid flow (20 ... 3000 Hz) are presented.

IMPACT OF THE DESIGN OF THE CONTACT DEVICE ON HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE OF RECTIFICATION COLUMN

ы, клапанные тарелки, ударно-распылительная насадка. Abstract. It is shown that the use of a new highly efficient shock-spray regular packing instead of direct-flow valve plates in the distillation column for the separation of the isopentane fraction will significantly reduce the hydraulic resistance and energy costs. The low hydraulic resistance of the shock-spray packing is explained by its design features: regular layout, high free cross section, low amount of retained fluid

RESEARCH OF CHANNELS OF SUPER CONDUCTIVITY OF THE INTERWELL SPACE

Currently, the most powerful and energy-intensive method of influence on the productive strata is water flooding. Due to certain economic factors, dictated by saving of capital costs on drilling of injection wells, a number of injection wells is much smaller than the development wells number. It is natural, that for full-value compensation of volumes of produced liquid from the development wells, taking into account losses, it is necessary to pump large volumes of water which can reach 1000-2500 m3 per day into a less number of injectors. Such conditions of water flooding lead to a need to create high pressure at the bottomhole and repression in the injection wells, which contributes the unfocused hydraulic fracturing. The results of the scientific research performed by S. I Grachev and A. S. Trofimov in a number of known fields using the method of tracer studying have shown that in all fields, where such studies were conducted, there observed the so-called channels with ultra-low hydraulic resistance, or with ultra-high conductivity/ permeability.

Classic and Modern Meridian Studies: A Review of Low Hydraulic Resistance Channels along Meridians and Their Relevance for Therapeutic Effects in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Meridian theory is one of the core components of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It gives an integral explanation for how human life works, how a disease forms, and how a therapy acts to treat a disease. If we do not understand the meridians, it is hard to understand the TCM. People in China and abroad had been working hard for 50 years, trying to understand the meridians; then 15 years ago a breakthrough idea appeared when we realized that they are low resistance fluid channels where various chemical and physical transports take place. The channel is called low hydraulic resistance channel (LHRC) and the chemical transport is named volume transmission (VT). This review aims to give a full understanding of the essence of meridian and its works on the therapies of TCM.