Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Induced Differential Antimicrobial Potential in Calli Cultures of Prunella Vulgaris

Background: Prunella vulgaris is medicinally important plant containing high-valued chemical metabolites like Prunellin which belong to family Lamiaceae and it is also known as self-heal. In this research, calli culture exposed to differential ratios of gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (1:2, 1:3, 2:1 and 3:1) along with naphthalene acetic acid (2.0 mg NAA) were investigated for antimicrobial potential. A well diffusion method was used for antimicrobial properties. Results: Here, two concentrations (1 and 2 mg/6 µl) of all treated calli cultures and wild plants were used against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, B. atrophaeus, B. subtilis, A. tumefaciens, E. caratovora and C. albicans. DMSO and antibiotics were used as negative and positive controls. Here, the calli exposed to gold (Au) NPs + 2.0 mg NAA displayed the highest activity (25.7 mm) against S. typhi than other extracts, which was considered the most susceptible species, while A. tumefaciens and C. albicans was the most resistance species. A possible mechanism of calli induced nanoparticles was also investigated for cytoplasmic leakage. Conclusion: From the above data it is concluded that the medicinal Prunella vulgaris is important plant for the development of anti-microbial drugs and applicable in various pharmaceutical research.