A SINGLE CASE STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AYURVEDA TREATMENT PROTOCOL USING EUPHORBIA LATEX IN UTSANGINI W.S.R TO CHALAZION

Introduction: - Chalazion is also known as a tarsal ‘cyst’ or meibomian ‘cyst’. This is not a cyst but a chronic inflammatory granuloma of a meibomian gland. Chalazia are often multiple, occurring in crops. The contem- porary treatment modalities include eyelid hygiene with hot compresses, topical antibiotic ointment and also steroid injections. Most lesions usually necessitate more invasive procedures. If the chalazion does not resolve, it should be incised and curetted. its management is difficult, due to its high recurrence rate and chronicity. It is correlated to Utsangini in Ayurveda. Ayurveda can provide safe and cost-effective results in Utsangini with both Shodhana and Shamana Chikitsa. Materials and Methods: -A case of Chalazion successfully treated with local application of dugdhika ksheera and bidalaka with mukkadi churna along with a few internal medicines is recorded here. Result: The subject had shown good improvement Conclusion: Latex of euphorbia latex has a good effect on the management of Utsangini. Keywords: Chalazion, Utsangini Bidalaka, Dugdhika Ksheera, Mukkadi Churna.

Targeting Molecular Inflammatory Pathways in Granuloma as Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Globally, more than 10 million people developed active tuberculosis (TB), with 1.4 million deaths in 2020. In addition, the emergence of drug-resistant strains in many regions of the world threatens national TB control programs. This requires an understanding of host-pathogen interactions and finding novel treatments including host-directed therapies (HDTs) is of utter importance to tackle the TB epidemic. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent for TB, mainly infects the lungs causing inflammatory processes leading to immune activation and the development and formation of granulomas. During TB disease progression, the mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrates which form the central structure of granulomas undergo cellular changes to form epithelioid cells, multinucleated giant cells and foamy macrophages. Granulomas further contain neutrophils, NK cells, dendritic cells and an outer layer composed of T and B lymphocytes and fibroblasts. This complex granulomatous host response can be modulated by Mtb to induce pathological changes damaging host lung tissues ultimately benefiting the persistence and survival of Mtb within host macrophages. The development of cavities is likely to enhance inter-host transmission and caseum could facilitate the dissemination of Mtb to other organs inducing disease progression. This review explores host targets and molecular pathways in the inflammatory granuloma host immune response that may be beneficial as target candidates for HDTs against TB.

Pseudotumoral Tuberculosis of the Cervix: A Case Report

Aim: We aimed to present a rare case of pseudotumoral tuberculosis of the cervix. Introduction: Tuberculosis has many localizations. Urogenital and particularly cervical involvement is rare. Case Presentation: Our observation concerned a case of pseudotumoral tuberculosis of the uterine cervix simulating a cancer. The clinical signs were pelvic pain and metrorrhagia, which were non-specific. The ulcerative-bourgeons appearance of the cervix was suggestive of cancer. Histology allowed the diagnosis to be made by showing an inflammatory granuloma and the absence of malignant cells. Despite the absence of bacteriological evidence, the clinical, biological, and histological presumptive arguments and the good therapeutic response made it possible to correct the diagnosis. The prognosis of our patient was mainly functional due to the risk of infertility. Conclusion: The interest of this observation lay in the rarity of this tuberculosis localization, especially in an immunocompetent subject, and the predominant place of histology.

Differenciáldiagnosztikai nehézséget okozó fonálgranuloma appendectomia után

Összefoglaló. Az appendectomia szövődményei a leggyakrabban a korai posztoperatív időszakban jelentkeznek. A műtét után évekkel megjelenő szövődmény ritka. Egy 11 éves kislányt vizsgáltunk 2 hete fennálló hasi panaszok miatt. Anamnézisében 8 évvel ezelőtt hagyományos módon elvégzett appendectomia szerepel. Az Ausztriában készült első hasi ultrahangvizsgálat eltérést nem talált. Az intézetünkben elvégzett képalkotó vizsgálatok – hasi ultrahang, MR-vizsgálat – ileocoecalisan elhelyezkedő szolid terimét igazoltak, és felvetették a folyamat gyulladásos eredetét. A szerteágazó klinikai tünetek, a laboratóriumi és a képalkotó diagnosztikai eltérések kapcsán differenciáldiagnosztikai szempontból a gyulladásos bélbetegség lehetősége is felmerült, és biztonsággal a tumoros folyamatot sem sikerült kizárni. A rosszabbodó status miatt műtét történt. Ennek során a colon ascendenssel összefüggő, makroszkóposan tumoros megjelenésű elváltozást távolítottak el. A szövettani vizsgálat malignitást nem igazolt, a folyamat idegen test okozta – varróanyag-granuloma – krónikus gyulladásos jellegét erősítette meg. A vizsgálatok kapcsán coeliakia is igazolódott. A hasi műtétek ritka szövődménye a Schloffer-tumor, melyet idegen test típusú – gyakran sebészi varróanyag-maradvány körüli – granulomatosus gyulladásos folyamat jellemez. Az entitás ismerete differenciáldiagnosztikai szempontból fontos. Nehezítette a diagnózist az első hasi ultrahangvizsgálat negatív eredménye és az egyidejűleg manifesztálódó coeliakia. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(3): 112–115. Summary. Generally, complications with appendectomy occur during the early postoperative stage and are quite rare years after the operation. In case of late manifestation of complications, the clinical signs are generally unspecific. We report a case of an 11-year-old girl – who underwent an appendectomy 8 years ago – with abdominal pain during the last 2 weeks. The first ultrasound examinations were carried out in Austria with normal results. In our department, the ultrasonography and the MR examinations showed an inhomogeneous abdominal mass which was connected to the abdominal wall and with the suspicion of inflammation. Because of the diversified results of radiology imaging and laboratory test, inflammatory bowel disease and tumor were considered in the differential diagnosis. During the operation, a tumor-like lesion related to the ascending colon was found. The histopathological examination revealed a foreign body type suture granuloma with a central abscess. Malignancy was not found. The clinical investigation proved celiac disease, too. The Schloffer tumor is a rare complication after abdominal surgery. This is a foreign body type inflammatory granuloma mainly around a surgical thread. The knowledge of the entity is important in differential diagnostic aspect. The presence of celiac disease in combination with the negative result of the first ultrasound examination made the exact diagnosis more difficult. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(3): 112–115.

Vulvar Schistosomiasis: An Infrequent Localization of the Female Genital Schistosomiasis

Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is frequent in sub-Saharian Africa, Madagascar, and the Middle East, with localization in all organs of the reproductive tract, which causes many problems. However, vulvar localization of this disease is uncommon. The patient was a young woman of 25 years old with a complaint of a mass in the right labia minora. After the tumor removal, pathology examination revealed inflammatory granuloma with eggs of Schistosoma haematobium. The patient has never travelled to an endemic tropical area but has bathed in a contaminated river in Corsica, an island located in the south of France. The diagnosis of vulvar schistosomiasis can only be confirmed by biopsy of the lesion.

Study of intracranial structural lesions diagnosed by computed tomography among children with unprovoked seizure disorder

Background: Seizures are the most common pediatric neurological disorder. The objectives were to know the prevalence and types of intracranial structural lesions diagnosed by Computed Tomography in children with unprovoked seizures.Methods: It is hospital based cross-sectional study done in Patna Medical College, India from August 2005- July 2007. All patients aged 6 months to 12 years admitted in pediatrics department with at least 2 episodes of unprovoked seizures were undergone Computed Tomography brain.Results: Out of total 112 patients admitted, 66.1% had abnormal CT scan. Prevalence of abnormal CT scan increased with advancing age and significant, with maximum percentage found in age group 10-12 years (43.2%). Males had more seizures and intracranial lesion than females but this association was statistically non-significant. 65.2% had generalized seizure and 34.8% had partial seizure. Among patients with abnormal CT scan, generalized seizure (70.3%) and partial seizure (29.7%).The commonest probable diagnosis was tuberculoma (47.3%) followed by neurocysticercosis (25.7%) and brain abscess (4%). Other were atrophy, gliosis and hydrocephalus, 2.5% each; arachnoid cyst, extradural hematoma, sturge weber syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, infarct, hemiatrophy, caudate lobe hemorrhage, basal ganglia calcification, corpous callosum agenesis, 1.35% each.Conclusions: Inflammatory granuloma is the leading cause of unprovoked seizure in this part of the country. Every seizure case should undergo a CT scan examination. Preventive measures can be applied for tuberculoma and NCC so as to lower down the burden of seizure disorder.