Plans for the future and the ability to predict as cognitive navigators of a person's social success

Social success is an ambiguous category that has both external and internal criteria. Despite the difficult comprehension of the criteria and the ambiguity of their interpretation in different cultures and social strata, the desire for success in the form of various behavioral tendencies and manifestations is considered inherent in most people. The research results presented in the article were obtained on samples of different age groups: adolescence, young, adult age periods (from 17 to 45 years). The criteria of social success are considered through the prism of the leading activity of the age and are used as the basis for differentiating the samples into socially successful and unsuccessful respondents. The study is comparative in nature and shows that the cognitive markers of socially successful respondents differ from the mental trajectories of socially unsuccessful respondents. In adolescence, social success is accompanied by clear formulated goals and conscious plans for the future; in young and adult ages, while maintaining awareness of plans, socially successful respondents also have a high level of predictive abilities, expressed in the validity of the thinking process, flexibility of thinking, plasticity of ideas and the prospect of causal relationships. These cognitive characteristics allow a person to build mental processes in such a way that they accompany the person's social success.

Dangerous and distinctive properties bias category judgments late in development

When faced with entities with potentially ambiguous category membership, adult category judgments are strongly biased towards dangerous and distinctive properties. For example, a cyanide-water mixture is categorized as cyanide. We used a developmental approach to better understand this cross-domain effect, which we term the asymmetric categorization of mixtures (ACM). According to ACM, attention is biased towards perceived dangerous or distinctive properties, making them prominent in conceptual representation. We consider whether ACM is driven entirely by low-level processes of attention, or whether ACM might require the integration of attention with causal-explanatory reasoning. We argue that ACM requires forms of reasoning that only emerge robustly in middle childhood. Across three studies (N = 270), we find that ACM emerges only after the 7th year for liquids (Study 1-3), and even later for race (Study 1 and 3). Results are discussed in terms of competing theoretical accounts of ACM.

Transitional spaces in the architecture of Luis Barragán and José Antonio Coderch: Casa Prieto López and Casa Ugalde

Luis Barragán (Guadalajara, Mexico, 1902-1988) and José Antonio Coderch (Barcelona, Spain, 1913-1984), despite having different origins, shared a common ground. Their architecture – based on Mediterranean tradition – was adapted to similar mild climate conditions, where shadowed and protected open spaces played a role as transitional spaces between indoors and outdoors. Those spaces were not treated as traditional elements incorporated within the buildings’ repertories, but were spatial proposals with a goal – rooted in their cultural backgrounds – of enriching the relationship between both realms. In this essay, common features arise when comparing two paradigmatic houses built by Barragán (Casa Prieto López, Mexico City, Mexico, 1950) and Coderch (Casa Ugalde, Caldes d’Estrach, Spain, 1951), within subjects such as the role of tradition, the relationship to the place, or the explanation of their architecture as a plastic experience.Private and public are clearly separated in both architects’ works, generally by a hermetic and neutral facade, behind which indoors and outdoors are interwoven, in such a way that open spaces take part of the interior of their houses and views towards the landscape or the sky break up the limits. Some of the spaces are settled in a kind of ambiguous category: there will be enclosed rooms with no ceiling, or patios and porches with windows in them.The common Mediterranean heritage appears within plane and plastered abstract walls, where plasticity rises from roughness, colour, light and shadow. The nuances appear in the personal interpretation of the experience of space, as well as in answer to the local conditions, and it is then that a different position in relation to nature emerges; whereas the Mediterranean coast is naturally soft and mild, the Mexican vegetation and geological features introduce a brave contrast between the open and the built.

Issues of POS Tagging of the (Diachronic) Corpus of Czech : Preparing a Morphological Dictionary

Many important decisions concerning the part-of-speech categorization remain unexplained in the current practice, only reported in corpus manuals. The aim of this paper is to offer a different perspective on the problems of morphological annotation of corpora – the perspective of mapping and analyzing conceptual problems in the annotation. Focused mainly on function words in Czech, we discuss the possibilities of the POS tagging of the inherently ambiguous category of particles and we introduce criteria for distinguishing particles from interjections.

Monstrous hermeneutics: Learning from diagrams

This paper addresses a theory/practice nexus represented by a semiotic system of Tarot pictures as iconic signs. Tarot will be analyzed from the perspective of Charles S. Peirce’s and Gilles Deleuze’s philosophies. Tarot functions as a diagram or the included third between “self” and “other,” which are traditionally taken as binary opposites. It thus partakes of the “monster” as a grotesque and ambiguous category that betrays a strict boundary between habitual dualisms, such as mind and world, consciousness and the unconscious, human and divine. While Tarot is usually perceived as irrational and illogical if not altogether “monstrous,” it is the logic of the included middle that enables its functioning. Genuine signs have a triadic structure that includes interpretants crossing over human and non-human natures. The process of reading and interpreting Tarot signs represents specific hermeneutics and constitutes exopedagogy as an alternative form of education partaking of a posthuman dimension. As indices, Tarot pictures refer to the whole gamut of human experiences, and the hermeneutics of Tarot allows us to evaluate experience and to learn from it.

Defying the News: New Aesthetics of Truth in Popular Culture

Aesthetics manifest a rationally ambiguous category of meaning that encompasses both relational and representational dimensions of communication. In this paper, I argue that (1) truth claims have ontological consequences bound in the social commitments and obligations generated through expressive choices and interpellated audiences; (2) ontological implications entangle discourses of “truth” in the constitution of knowledge in ways that extend beyond rational argumentation into aesthetic experience; and (3) a reinterpretation of Kantian aesthetics offers a framework for understanding how aesthetic experiences influence the organization of relations of power.L’esthétique représente une catégorie de sens qui est ambigüe en ce qui a trait à sa rationalité et qui comprend des dimensions relationnelles et représentationnelles de la communication. Dans cet article, je soutiens que (1) les prétentions à la vérité ont des conséquences ontologiques sur les obligations et les engagements sociaux qu’engendrent les choix expressifs et les publics interpellés; (2) les implications ontologiques mêlent les discours sur la vérité et la constitution du savoir d’une manière qui dépasse l’argumentation rationnelle pour atteindre l’expérience esthétique; et (3) une réinterprétation de l’esthétique kantienne offre un cadre pour mieux comprendre comment les expériences esthétiques influencent l’organisation de rapports de pouvoir.