Quantitative changes in the microstructure of the pancreas under the influence of sublethal dehydration, subsequent readaptation and correction

Dehydration is a pathological condition caused by insufficient water intake and is accompanied by metabolic disorders that have significant consequences for human health and performance. The endocrine system takes part in a number of functions of the water exchange system, optimizing body fluid volume. In the literature, there is no systematic data on changes in the pancreas under conditions of various types of dehydration. This article is devoted to the study of structural changes in the pancreas in conditions of sublethal degrees of various types of dehydration, followed by readaptation and correction with a drug that has anti-ischemic, membrane-stabilizing, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory properties that allow to normalize protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The purpose of the study was to research the features of changes in the endocrine and exocrine parenchyma of the pancreas by the method of morphometry of histological preparations under conditions of sublethal dehydration with subsequent readaptation and correction with thiazotic acid morpholinium salt. The study group consisted of 60 mature male rats, which were simulated sublethal degree of general, cellular and extracellular dehydration by the method of A.D.Soboleva, V.Z.Sikora, J.Ya.Bodnar. After reaching a severe degree of dehydration, part of the rats were transferred to a regular drinking diet, the second part received a corrector drug for 14 days. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment by decapitation under anesthesia on 24th, 44th and 104th days in accordance with the type of dehydration. After analyzing the results obtained, it was found that there were no significant differences in most morphometric parameters under conditions of exposure to sublethal dehydration in comparison with subsequent readaptation. Significant changes in the area of the islets of Langerhans and the area of nuclei of exocrinocytes were revealed under conditions of exposure to various types of sublethal dehydration in comparison with readaptation and correction; in all experimental groups. Other morphometric parameters of the pancreatic parenchyma had changes of varying statistical significance, which depended on the type of dehydration. It has been established that the use of the thiazotic acid morpholinium salt leads to partial restoration of the structural components of the pancreatic parenchyma in comparison with the period of readaptation.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LIPID PEROXIDATION ACTIVITY IN SUSPENSIONS OF CRYOPRESERVED CORD BLOOD NUCLEAR CELLS UNDER EXPOSURE TO ANTIOXIDANTS - MEMBRANOPROTECTORS WITH DIFFERENT ACTION MECHANISMS

An in-depth study of the oxidative homeostasis state into cell suspensions that contain hematopoietic stem cells is one of the key points for understanding ways to improve technologies for long-term storage of this material. Compounds with antioxidant action are considered promising additional cryoprotectants. Intensification of lipid peroxidation processes is one of the main factors causing disturbances in the barrier properties of cell membranes. Comparative analysis of changes in lipid peroxidation parameters during the cryopreservation-deconservation cycle showed that antioxidants-membrane protectors with different mechanisms of action (B-complex vitamins; α-lipoic acid, thiazotic acid morpholinium salt, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxy pyridine succinate) have similar features of a positive effect on the oxidative status of umbilical cord blood nuclear cell suspensions during cryopreservation. However, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxy pyridine succinate has a statistically significant advantage over α-lipoic acid and thiazotic acid morpholinium salt in terms of the conjugate formation dynamics during phospholipid peroxidation, which can be associated with its direct antioxidant effect.

Polysulfonylamine, CXVII Wasserstoffbrücken in kristallinen Onium-dimesylamiden: Sechs systematisch variierte sek.-Ammonium-dimesylamide mit sechs verschiedenen null-, ein-oder zweidimensionalen Wasserstoffbrückenmustern/ Polysulfonylamines, CXVII Hydrogen Bonding in Crystalline Onium Dimesylamides: Six Systematically Varied sec. - Ammonium Dimesylamides Exhibiting Six Different Zero-, One-, or Two-Dimensional Hydrogen Bonding Patterns

In order to examine packing preferences and hydrogen bond patterns in secondary ammonium salts, low-temperature X-ray analyses were conducted for six compounds of general formula R2NH2+MeSO2)2 N-, where R2NH2+ = Me2NH2+ (1, triclinic, space group P1̄̄), MeEtNH2+,(2, monoclinic, P21/c), Et2NH2+ (3. triclinic, P1), pyrrolidinium (4, triclinic, P1), piperidinium (5, monoclinic, C2/c) or morpholinium (6, monoclinic, P21/c). Throughout the series, the constant anion retains a rigid conformation approximating to C2 symmetry and thus provides a geometrically reliable set of five potential hydrogen bond acceptors. Nevertheless, the six compounds exhibit a variety of unpredictable packing patterns, showing that, in unfavourable cases, the steric demands of molecular fragments not involved in hydrogen bonding can substantially alter the structure of a family of ionic crystals. In the present structures, the NH2+ donor groups form hydrogen bonds N+-H···N-/O to two (3-6) or three (1,2) adjacent anions. The occurrence of various two-, three- and four-centre hydrogen bonds leads to six different patterns, resulting in cation-anion layers (1, 2), discrete formula unit dimers (3, 4) or cation-anion chains (5, 6); in the morpholinium salt 6, these chains are associated into layers by a weak N+ - H ··· O(cation) interaction. In each of the crystal packings, short C-H···O contacts with H···O ≤ 270 pm and C-H ···O ≥ 130° are observed.