Operational Parametric Based Reliability Estimation & Justification of Failure Criterion of Hydro Power Plant: A Case Study

Generating more Power are complex at cheaper cost, also continuous energy supplied are important Hydro power generation is one of the most successful renewable energy resources for the production electrical energy without any environmental hazard and presently it providing more than 86% of all electricity generated by renewable sources worldwide and accounts for about 20% of world electricity. To increase the percentage of green energy in account of world electricity generation the analysis must be performed to get the information about the working conditions of each component in plants so that the required maintenance action should be taken. Maintenance and operation of a hydro power plant is very complicated and the process to calculate and analyzing its compatibility and reliability is very important. In this work introducing a Markov model to evaluate the reliability parameter of THPS-I Sirmour, Rewa. For this work the operational data regarding failure and maintenance time taken to repaired and analysis of all parts of generating unit of the power plant for period of 2010-2015 is considered. The availability and reliability of individual unit of power plant is evaluated by taking into account different reliability Parameters, namely failure rate (λ), repair rate (µ), MTTR, MTTF, MTBF through the collected data and tabulating the required information for the analysis. By this analysis work we can improve reliability of all the components of each unit of power plant. The sub-unit that is commonly failed during operation is like- penstock, butter fly valve, spiral case, turbine, generator, excitation system, speed governor etc. Reliability plays a key role in the cost-effectiveness of systems Keywords: Hydro power plant, Reliability evaluation, Reliability parameters, Markov analysis, Total schedule outage hrs and Total forced outage hrs.

A H∞ Robust control strategy of hydro turbine speed governor with surge tank

According to hydraulic subsystem specialty of hydro turbine speed governor system, the hydro turbine governor system control model with surge tank for hydraulic structure: reservoir-tunnel-surge tank-penstock-generator is established for the first time. The H double loop hydro turbine speed governor system robust controller is designed considering the character of hydraulic and power load disturbance. The system parameters and power load disturbance simulation results demonstrate that the controller can effectively restrain impact of system parameters and power load disturbance, keep output speed stable, possess nice robust performance, compared to traditional PID controller, which has more excellent regulating ability of speed and rejection load disturbance performance.

Eco-Friendly Speed Control Algorithm Development for Autonomous Vessel Route Planning

The upcoming autonomous vessel voyage is promising future in the maritime sector. However, so far, the contemporary route decision making technologies rely on human intervention. Therefore, this manuscript proposes the two newly developed speed algorithms: the modified fixed speed control and the wave feed forward speed control in the route decision making procedure for the autonomous vessels. These two algorithms can control the vessel’s speed without human intervention in eco-friendly and economic manner. The first algorithm is the wave feed forward speed control that can predict the speed change according to wave loads and compensate it to reduce the fluctuation of speed, power, and fuel consumption. To develop this algorithm, the real time modeling of the wave added resistance and the wave real time effect on propulsion are analyzed. The efficacy of the developed wave feed forward scheme is validated using the in-house route optimization simulation program through comparisons with the results of conventional speed governor control case. The developed schemes are applied to a 173 K LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) carrier with twin propulsion. The other proposed speed control algorithm is the modified fixed control algorithm. This algorithm improves the conventional fixed power control algorithm by adding a time marching module to satisfy the required time arrival of the voyage. The two proposed methods are analyzed in the various simulations—ideal environmental conditions and real voyage environments: The Pacific and the Atlantic cases. Based on the results, the suggested methods can reduce fuel oil consumption, gas emission, and wear and tear problem of the propulsion devise of ship. In the study, it is clearly demonstrated that the developed wave feed forward speed control and modified fixed power scheme perform much better than the conventional speed governor control case.

REMOTELY CONTROLLED CAR SPEED GOVERNOR

This study modifies a car speed limiting device with a view to avoiding car over speeding. The speed limiter was modified by incorporating a carrier chip to coordinate the activities of the speed limiter. When the car speed exceeded the designed speed limit, the speed governor came into action and restricted the car from going beyond the pre-set speed by actuating the relay. Warning signal in the form of alarm was activated, and the receiver sent a message to the owner. The study concluded that the modified speed governor design is better, safer and remotely controlled compared to the existing design.

The influence of the length of the lining on the speed of movement of the pallet on the centrifugal friction roller

Pallet flow rack is one of the high-density storage systems. One of the main safety elements of the systems is a brake roller. Centrifugal frictional brake is the widely used type of the brake rollers, which used as speed governor for the pallet. The known method of calculation of the pallet speed on the flow rack does not take into account the length of the friction lining. In reality, the contact of the friction lining and the roller shell occurs in an arc that reaches the full length of the lining during operation. The method of calculating the speed of movement of the pallet on a centrifugal friction roller is given, and a calculation formula is obtained that allows taking into account the uniform distribution of the force of the normal pressure along the length of the lining. The results of a comparative calculation are presented, which showed that the speed of the pallet movement when taking into account the length of the lining is lower than the values obtained without taking it into account. It is found that if the lining length is up to 70 mm, it can be ignored in the calculations using a simpler formula, and if the lining length is more than 70 mm, it is recommended to use the calculation formula obtained in the work.

Generation control of isolated small hydro power plant by using DECSA optimized FPI controller

Purpose In this work, generation control of an isolated small hydro plant (SHP) is demonstrated by applying optimal controllers in speed governor and hydraulic turbine system. A comparative analysis of application of fuzzy PI (FPI) and PID controller is conferred for generation control (both power and terminal voltage) of an SHP. The controllers are designed optimally by using crow search algorithm (CSA) and novel hybrid differential evolution crow search algorithm (DECSA). The purpose of this paper is to settle the voltage and real power to improve the quality of the power. Design/methodology/approach In this work, the controllers (PID and FPI) are implemented in speed governor and excitation system of SHP to regulate power and terminal voltage. Differential evolution and CSA are hybridized to enhance the performance of controller to refurbish the power and terminal voltage of SHP. Findings The proposed DECSA algorithm is applied to solve ten benchmark functions, and the effectiveness of DECSA algorithm over CSA and DE is demonstrated in terms of best value, mean and standard deviation. CSA and DECSA algorithms optimized controllers (PID and FPI) are used to design SHP with the capability to contribute power and voltage of better quality. The comparative analysis to substantiate the competence of DECSA algorithm and FPI controller is demonstrated in terms of statistical measures of power and voltage of SHP. Robustness analysis is performed by varying all system parameters to prove the effectiveness of the proposed controller. Originality/value The proposed algorithm and FPI controller are applied individually to improve the quality of the power of SHP. DE, CSA and DECSA algorithms are implemented to solve benchmark equations. The solutions of all benchmark equations contributed by DECSA algorithm is converged rapidly and having minimum statistical measures as compared to DE and CSA algorithms. The DECSA algorithm and FPI controller are proposed with superior competence to enhance the generator performances by conceding undershoot, overshoot and settling time of power and terminal voltage. DECSA-based FPI controller contributes a noticeable improvement of the performances over other approaches.