Pharmacognostical Studies on Sarcostemma brevistigma, Wight. and Arn. – An Ethnomedicinal Plant

The genus Sarcostemma finds a prominent place in different Indian systems of medicine. The different ethnic communities in India have used different species of Sarcostemma in the treatment of various human ailments. The plant Sarcostemma brevistigma is a perennial leafless, twining trailing shrub, with green cylindrical, fleshy, glabrous, green pendulous stems, exhibiting longitudinal ridges and nodes and exuding milky white latex. Plant shows circular vascular bundles in stem, absence of pith in root and anomocytic type of stomata on stem bark. The powder is fibrous, light greenish brown in colour and bitter in taste. It shows the presence of rosettes of calcium oxalate crystals, fragments of pitted, spiral vessels and laticifers. Laticiferous canals are wide, thick walled and non septate. The macroscopic, microscopic, histological identification and microscopic constants of Sarcostemma brevistigma can be used as a rapid, inexpensive and botanical identification technique which would be of immense value in standardization and authentication of this plant.

UV-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPIC AND FTIR ANALYSIS OF SARCOSTEMMA BREVISTIGMA, WIGHT. AND ARN

Objective: The present study was carried out to characterize the bioactive constituents present in aerial parts of ethanolic extract of Sarcostemma brevistigma using UV-VIS and FTIR.Methods: FTIR spectroscopy is an established time‐saving method to characterize and identify functional groups.Results: The UV-VIS profile showed different peaks ranging from 200‐1044 nm with different absorption respectively. UV-VIS profile showed the peaks at 254.00 and 680.00 nm for flavonoid. FTIR spectra showed the peak at 3418.85 cm-1 for N-H group. FTIR analysis and UV-VIS analysis showed the presence of flavonoids and a phenolic compound. The FTIR spectra had amply evidenced the occurrence of OH group together with the Terpenoids, and Phenol. The FT-IR spectrum showed the presence of an amine (N-H), alkyl (C-H), nitrile (C≡N), halo formyl (C=O), alkenyl (C=C), hydroxyl (O-H), haloalkane (C-F), nitrates and carbonate compounds.Conclusion: The results confirm the fact that this plant posse’s important bioactive constituent, so further scientific investigation is needed.

PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF SARCOSTEMMA BREVISTIGMA, WIGHT & ARN.

ABSTRACTObjective: To explore the phytochemical constituents present in Sarcostemma brevistigma using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Methods: Preliminary phytochemical analysis of secondary metabolites was made by following standard procedures. GC-MS analysis of the plantextracts was performed by using GC-MS equipped with a DB-35MS capillary standard non-polar column and gas chromatograph interfaced to a MassSelective Detector (MS-DSQ-II) with Xcalibur software.Results: The qualitative phytochemical analysis of this species exhibited the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, aminoacids, tannins, terpenoids, quinones, and coumarin. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 24 compounds in the ethanolic extract of aerial partof Sarcostemma brevistigma. The most prevailing compound was 14,17 bis(dimethylaminoamino)[3.3]paracyclophan-5,8-diacetonitrile (14.86%).Conclusion: The study concludes that the species Sarcostemma brevistigma is a potential source for bioactive compounds such as esters, alkanes,alcohols, alkenes, amide, amine, phenol, ketone, and so forth. This study justifies the traditional usage of this species.Keywords: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Sarcostemma brevistigma, Phytochemical compounds, Medicinal plants.