Formulation and Study of an Environmentally Friendly Microemulsion-Based Drilling Fluid (O/W) with Pine Oil

This work has developed and evaluated a microemulsion-based drilling fluid formulation with characteristics to be applied in oil wells. The microemulsion was formulated with a solution of water/glycerol, pine oil, and Tween 80, a nonionic and biodegradable surfactant. The physical and chemical properties of the drilling fluid obtained in this work were investigated through rheology and filtration analysis, solids content, aging, lubricity, toxicity, and thermal degradation. A non-toxic microemulsion-based drilling fluid oil-in-water (O/W) with high lubricity (0.07638) and thermal stability was obtained with suitable viscosity, gel strength and low fluid loss (4.0 mL), low solids content (6%), stability in a wide range of salinity conditions, and the possibility of high water content (above 85% in mass fraction). The fluid presented a pseudoplastic behavior, and statistically significant Herschel–Bulkley parameters were obtained.

INTRODUCTION OF FATTY ALCOHOL SULFATES: A SHORT REVIEW

Fatty Alcohol Sulfate (FAS) which has sodium salt is an active ingredient that is generally used to make detergent products, because of its good ability to be wetted and produce froth. In addition, this type of FAS is a biodegradable surfactant. Surfactant is the basic ingredient of some cleaning products such as bath soap, facial wash soap, and liquid soap. There are two methods commonly used to produce higher alcohol than commercial ones: high-pressure hydrogenation and reduction with sodium metal.

Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of Green Anionic Polymeric Surfactant for Detergent Application

The main role of this study is to prepare the green polymer based anionic surfactant as an alternative to non-biodegradable surfactant for detergent applications. The detergent properties i.e., surface tension measurements, foaming property, emulsifying ability, dispersing property, FTIR analysis and wetting behaviour were studied using several rheological techniques. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) value was obtained at 6 mg/L of surfactant concentration showing no further remarkable changes in surface tension with increases in concentration. Low surface tension value was correlated with decrease in cohesive force exist between the molecules and allowed the surfactant easily adsorbed on the pore surface. The low surface tension value, reliable wetting characteristic, excellent emulsifying power, benchmark dispersing behaviour and suitable foaming property assuring the successful utilization of polymer based anionic surfactant for detergent applications