Volunteer-Operated Field Medical Tents During Civilian Protests in Beirut, Lebanon: Challenges and Lessons

In October 2019, the worsening political, economic, and perceived corruption in Lebanon led to civil unrest. In anticipation of injuries, a group of healthcare professionals and social activists summoned paramedics, nurses, and physicians through social media, to provide medical assistance in the protest area. These volunteers established a physician-led advanced first-aid tent, whose aim was to reduce the patient load on Emergency Departments in local hospitals. We present the experience of volunteers, lessons learned, and challenges faced during the establishment of the physician-led first aid tent. In this manuscript, we discuss the following aspects of our efforts that can serve as relevant lessons we learned about medical volunteerism: spontaneity in volunteerism, operations, location and storage, supplies, roaming team, coordination with emergency services, safety, documentation, communication, special situations, and transition from acute to primary care.

The role of volunteerism in the prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases and in increasing adherence to a healthy lifestyle

Medical volunteerism gives an opportunity for future specialists to provide free assistance to practical healthcare, as well as to acquire personal and professional qualities required for a student at a medical university. Medical volunteers are implementing many large-scale campaigns and projects aimed at the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases and other socially significant diseases, and at promoting a healthy lifestyle. The results of the work are to increase public awareness, as preventive measures are an important component of the healthcare system, aimed at the formation of the population's medical and social activity and motivation for a healthy lifestyle.

Demonstration of a Longitudinal Action Medical Mission (LAMM) Model to Teach Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Resource-Limited Settings

BACKGROUND: Short-term medical missions prevail as the most common form of international medical volunteerism, but they are ill-suited for medical education and training local providers in resource-limited settings. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a longitudinal educational program in training clinicians how to perform point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in resource-limited clinics. DESIGN: A retrospective study of such a four-month POCUS training program was conducted with clinicians from a rural hospital in Haiti. The model included one-on-one, in-person POCUS teaching sessions by volunteer instructors from the United States and Europe. The Haitian trainees were assessed at the start of the program and at its conclusion by a direct objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), administered by the visiting instructors, with similar pre- and post- program ultrasound competency assessments. RESULTS: Post-intervention, a significant improvement was observed (p < 0.0001), and each trainee showed significant overall improvement in POCUS competency independent of the initial competency pre-training (p < 0.005). There was a statistically significant improvement in POCUS application for five of the six medically relevant assessment categories tested. CONCLUSION: Our results provide a proof-of-concept for the longitudinal education-centered healthcare delivery framework in a resource-limited setting. Our longitudinal model provides local healthcare providers the skills to detect and diagnose significant pathologies, thereby reducing avoidable morbidity and mortality at little or no addition cost or risk to the patient. Furthermore, training local physicians obviates the need for frequent volunteering trips, saving costs in healthcare training and delivery.

Medical Volunteerism in Undergraduate Medical Programme: A Novel, in-depth Curriculum

Health disparities persist among several populations globally and doctors are well-placed to advocate for better health outcomes among the population they serve thereby promoting health equity. According to the literature, medical educators have the capacity to produce socially responsible medical doctors who have competency in health advocacy in addition to their clinical knowledge. However, apart from being taught the determinants of health, little, or no real-live experience is given to medical students in social medicine and health advocacy to enable them to develop the necessary skills in this area. At the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University in Pretoria, South Africa, Medical Volunteerism was offered as a selective course during the 2016 academic year. It entails engagement of the medical students in activities that tied them with the primary burden of providing service to an identified community, where they plan and participate in an organized activity that meets the identified needs of such community. This article describes the structure, content, and outcomes of this curriculum. The feedback from students and other stakeholders were strongly positive, the students rated the course highly in a variety of instances, including appropriateness of lecture topics, presentation of the course contents, course materials, effectiveness of teaching and level of students' participation. The average overall rating for the course was 8.4 based on a ten-point scale. Furthermore, the students acknowledged that it contributed to their personal development in terms of social activism in health. In conclusion, medical volunteerism selective has positive impact that is measurable, support should be given to students and facilitators who are interested in implementing similar selective as it has the potential of reinforcing certain values in medical students that could motivate them to have increased desire to work with underserved communities after graduation.

A model for surgical volunteerism: a qualitative study based in Cambodia

Medical volunteerism continues to attract many doctors from high-income nations to low- or middle-income countries (LMIC). In spite of the wealth of positive experiences of these volunteers documented in the literature, there is little evidence concerning the impact and effectiveness of their activity. We documented our model of five-year experience in the delivery of hand surgery in Cambodia, attempting a qualitative approach with attempts to understand the perceptions of local and volunteer surgeons. We conducted independent qualitative interviews with five visiting and 12 Cambodian surgeons who participated in our community-based and outcome-oriented hand surgery training programme between 2013 and 2015. Data were coded and analysed using a content analysis method and then individually grouped into categories; software was used to generate frequencies and quotations of codes. Our results highlighted factors contributing to the success of the medical volunteering programme, to its success, with suggestions for sustainability, motivation and commitment to such a programme. A clearly defined strategy by the volunteer group and a commitment to time and resources by both partners were found to be effective.

Initiatives in Medical Volunteerism Aimed at Reducing the Burden of Orthopedic Disease in Low- and MiddleIncome Countries

While infectious disease garners much attention and research funding globally, initiatives aimed at treating traumatic orthopedic injuries are underfunded despite such injuries accounting for a significant degree of morbidity worldwide. In recent years, a number of organizations have sought to alleviate this burden through treatment and educational initiatives in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Additionally, emerging developments in orthopedic technology are allowing for more expansive treatment options in resourcepoor environments. Distribution of both used and surplus orthopedic implants and components in LMICs and programs intended to encourage resident involvement with overseas volunteerism have proved beneficial in reducing the global burden of orthopedic disease. The goal of this manuscript is to educate readers about current initiatives in orthopedic volunteerism.

Mass Gatherings and Youth Peer Volunteerism

Introduction:Music and sporting events are mass gatherings with unique risks related to participation. “All-ages” events, which include participants below the age of majority (18 in many jurisdictions), have been observed to have an over-representation of patient presentations in the youth category. Peer helpers may lower the barrier to seeking on-site care. Youth (peer-aged) volunteerism provides opportunities for exposure to new environments, skills, and mentorship. Medical volunteerism may promote personal satisfaction through prosocial behavior (i.e., helping others), community engagement and immersion into a potential health professions career path.Methods:We conducted an observational pilot feasibility study with feedback forms and semi-structured interviews. The pilot program paired youth with parents/guardians/responsible adults as health care volunteers at special events.Results:Youth/adult dyads volunteered for a variety of events in Canada during the 2018 event season. All participants in the “Juniors Program” completed at least a Standard First Aid course, including orientation to personal safety and confidentiality. Each pair worked in one of two areas: first aid or Festival Health (the harm reduction space at music events) providing peer-to-peer and “all-ages” support. Post-event feedback from the dyads revealed many positive experiences and universally called for more opportunities.Discussion:A strong volunteer base is an asset to any community. In this pilot study, the volunteer experiences were supervised by a team of credentialed health care professionals. The authors report on qualitative feedback in themes based on patient perspective, volunteer perspective, team perspective, and event management perspective. More research is needed to measure the outcomes of the Junior’s Program. More Investigation is needed to determine not only the long-term benefits of participation on event medical teams, but also to identify factors that shape a positive experience for youth, their parents, and the event participants that they support.

Professionalisation of International Medical Volunteer Work to Maintain Ethical Standards: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Experience of Volunteer Doctors in Relation to UK Policy

Doctors from the United Kingdom are increasingly involved in international medical volunteerism in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although supported by government policy this practice lacks infrastructure and coordination. Volunteer activities can have positive impact but also risk causing harm. Without external governance the responsibility lies with volunteers and their organisations to self-evaluate their activities. This study aimed to explore influences affecting volunteer engagement with ethical standards and evaluative practice. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven doctors working in the Scottish National Health Service with volunteer experience in LMICs. Findings were analysed thematically to explore this issue in view of ongoing policy development. Although ethical standards were valued by participants they were unaware of relevant government policy. Influences on volunteer development are unstructured and vary in quality. Evaluation lacks structure and framing. Volunteer physicians face a number of barriers to engaging in critical evaluation of their activities in LMICs. Development and professionalization of medical volunteering in LMICs needs to address volunteer preparation and evaluative practice to maximise the benefits of volunteering, reduce the risk of harm and maximise learning and accountability. Further areas of research are suggested to inform professionalisation of this sector.