Development of technology for production and heat treatment of powder titanium Ti6,1Al5,4V1,8Sn alloy

Information on the production technology of powder titanium Ti6,1Al5,4V1,8Sn alloy, as well as results on the effect of heat treatment on its the structure, phase composition and properties are presented. It is shown that for powder product it is possible to recommend the heating temperature of the workpieces 900...950 °C, heating of the stamp to 850...900 °C with the elongation coefficient μ l 9. Increase in the extrusion temperature of the workpiece above 950 °С does not give significant increase in density and, at low elongation coefficient, leads to grain growth of the metal structure. The effect of quenching and melting temperatures on the decomposition of α′-martensite, precipitation of the α2-phase Ti3Al and, in particular, during quenching of alloy specimens from the β-region, as well as in the case of quenching from (α + β)-state is studied.

Methyl Violet Degradation Using Photocatalytic and Photoelectrocatalytic Processes Over Graphite/PbTiO3 Composite

Photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methyl violet dye using Graphite/PbTiO3 composites has been conducted. The purposes of this research were to examine photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methyl violet using Graphite/PbTiO3 composite. Synthesis of Graphite/PbTiO3 composite was successfully performed via sol-gel method by mixing graphite powder, titanium tetra isopropoxide precursor solution (TTIP) and Pb(NO3)2. The Graphite/PbTiO3 composites were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The XRD diffractogram and IR spectrum of Graphite/PbTiO3 composite revealed all characteristic peak of graphite and PbTiO3. Photocatalytic degradation process showed that Graphite/PbTiO3 composite with ratio 1/1 decreased concentrations of methyl violet up to 92.20 %. While photoelectrocatalytic degradation processed for 30 minutes at neutral pH and 10 V voltage degraded the methyl violet until 94 %. However, the photoelectrocatalysis is still not significance to improve methyl violet degradation compared with photocatalysis. Copyright © 2018 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 19th July 2017; Revised: 8th September 2017; Accepted: 8th September 2017; Available online: 22nd January 2018; Published regularly: 2nd April 2018How to Cite: Purnawan, C., Wahyuningsih, S., Nawakusuma, V. (2018). Methyl Violet Degradation Using Photocatalytic and Photoelectrocatalytic Processes Over Graphite/PbTiO3 Composite. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 13 (1): 127-135 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1354.127-135)

XPS Study of Sol-Gel Synthesized Vanadium-Titanium-Hydroquinone Oxide Bronze Films

Vanadium-titanium-hydroquinone oxide bronze, V1.67Ti0.33O5±δ /HQ (HQ-hydroquinone), was synthesized by using the sol–gel method. Vanadium pentoxide powder, titanium dihydride, hydrogen peroxide and hydroquinone were used as the starting materials to produce bronze. The composition of the synthesized compound was compared with V1.67Ti0.33O5±δ∙nH2O/HQ xerogel data. The xerogel and bronze were investigated by means of the XPS method. Analysis of the V–O region of XPS spectra showed that vanadium ions in xerogel ocurr in V5+ and V4+ states. In bronze, these ions are in a stable V5+ state. The oxygen in xerogel can be associated with O2- ions, hydroxide grouping and water. Oxygen only exists in bronze in the form of O2- ions and hydroxyl groups. Titanium ions in both cases are in a stable Ti4+ state.

Effect of Concentration TTIP on Size Nano-Powder Titanium Dioxide (TiO2)

In this work, titanium Dioxide (TiO2) powder was prepared by sol gel method using Titanium (IV) Isopropoxide (TTIP) as precursor and Ethanol (C2H5OH) as solvent. The sol-gel was heated at temperature 150°C in 1 hour. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) powder was milled with constant ball to powder ratio (BPR) of 10:1 with speed 600 rpm. Then the sample was characterized using Particle Size Analyzer, Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) powder was prepared with three different concentration of TTIP to the size of Titanium Dioxide (TTIP) powder. Titanium Dioxide (TTIP) powder was milled with ball milling to produce nanopowder of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2).