Lua de Fel: da paixão à repulsa; das tentações às evidências do desejo

ResumoO filme Lua de Fel (Bitter Moon) (1992) apresenta as ligações obscuras entre os casais. A trama perpassa a linha do subjetivo, num jogo perverso entre o aspecto estético e o ético. Neste texto, traçaremos considerações acerca do filme, cuja trama expõe relações erótico-amorosas em suas complexidades. Dois casais, em um luxuoso cruzeiro. Um, britânico, em segunda Lua de Mel, numa tentativa de aquecer o casamento de sete anos que apresenta sinais de cansaço e desânimo; outro, americano, em uma espécie de relacionamento doentio e sádico, diverte-se a provocar o casal modelo que, à primeira vista, parece ser conservador. Nossa análise focará primeiro, a paixão arrebatadora, a delicadeza do envolvimento; em seguida, o desgaste, a perda do desejo, o sadismo, a fragilidade das relações encobertas e rejeitadas para uns, escancaradas para outros. Segundo, enfocaremos planos adequados que deram ênfase e veracidade aos conflitos e jogos de sedução. Estudos sobre erotismo, paixão, amor, nos guiaram para uma das tantas leituras instigadoras que a película incita.AbstractThe film Lua de Fel (Bitter Moon) (1992) presents the obscure links between couples. The plot crosses the line of the subjective, in a perverse game between the aesthetic and the ethical aspect. In this text, we will draw considerations on the film, celebrate plot exposes erotic-loving relationships in their complexities. Two couples on a luxury cruise. A British, second honeymoon, in an attempt to warm up at the seven-year marriage that shows signs of weariness and discouragement; Another, American, in a kind of sick and sadistic relationship, amuses himself to provoke the couple model, at first glance, it seems to be conservative. Our analysis will focus first, a rapturous passion, a delicacy of involvement; instead, weariness, loss of desire, sadism, fragility of relationships concealed and rejected for some, wide open to others. Second, we will focus on adequate plans that have emphasized and verified conflict and seduction games. Studies on eroticism, passion, love, have guided us to one of the many instigating readings that the film incites.

Lua de Fel: da paixão à repulsa; das tentações às evidências do desejo

ResumoO filme Lua de Fel (Bitter Moon) (1992) apresenta as ligações obscuras entre os casais. A trama perpassa a linha do subjetivo, num jogo perverso entre o aspecto estético e o ético. Neste texto, traçaremos considerações acerca do filme, cuja trama expõe relações erótico-amorosas em suas complexidades. Dois casais, em um luxuoso cruzeiro. Um, britânico, em segunda Lua de Mel, numa tentativa de aquecer o casamento de sete anos que apresenta sinais de cansaço e desânimo; outro, americano, em uma espécie de relacionamento doentio e sádico, diverte-se a provocar o casal modelo que, à primeira vista, parece ser conservador. Nossa análise focará primeiro, a paixão arrebatadora, a delicadeza do envolvimento; em seguida, o desgaste, a perda do desejo, o sadismo, a fragilidade das relações encobertas e rejeitadas para uns, escancaradas para outros. Segundo, enfocaremos planos adequados que deram ênfase e veracidade aos conflitos e jogos de sedução. Estudos sobre erotismo, paixão, amor, nos guiaram para uma das tantas leituras instigadoras que a película incita.AbstractThe film Lua de Fel (Bitter Moon) (1992) presents the obscure links between couples. The plot crosses the line of the subjective, in a perverse game between the aesthetic and the ethical aspect. In this text, we will draw considerations on the film, celebrate plot exposes erotic-loving relationships in their complexities. Two couples on a luxury cruise. A British, second honeymoon, in an attempt to warm up at the seven-year marriage that shows signs of weariness and discouragement; Another, American, in a kind of sick and sadistic relationship, amuses himself to provoke the couple model, at first glance, it seems to be conservative. Our analysis will focus first, a rapturous passion, a delicacy of involvement; instead, weariness, loss of desire, sadism, fragility of relationships concealed and rejected for some, wide open to others. Second, we will focus on adequate plans that have emphasized and verified conflict and seduction games. Studies on eroticism, passion, love, have guided us to one of the many instigating readings that the film incites.

Membrane Distribution of the Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal Modulates Outer Membrane Vesicle Production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

ABSTRACT The Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) is an important quorum-sensing molecule in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that also mediates its own packaging and transport by stimulating outer membrane vesicle (OMV) formation. Because OMVs have been implicated in many virulence-associated behaviors, it is critical that we understand how they are formed. Our group proposed the bilayer-couple model for OMV biogenesis, where PQS intercalates into the outer membrane, causing expansion of the outer leaflet and consequently inducing curvature. In accordance with the model, we hypothesized that PQS must be transported from the cytoplasm to the outer membrane before it can initiate OMV formation. We initially examined two laboratory strains of P. aeruginosa and found significant strain-dependent differences. PQS export correlated strongly with OMV production, even though equivalent amounts of total PQS were produced by both strains. Interestingly, we discovered that poor OMV producers sequestered the majority of PQS in the inner membrane, which appeared to be the result of early saturation of the export pathway. Further analysis showed that strain-specific PQS export and OMV biogenesis patterns were stable once established but could be significantly altered by changing the growth medium. Finally, we demonstrated that the associations described for laboratory strains also held for three clinical strains. These results suggest that factors controlling the export of PQS dictate OMV biogenesis. This work provides new insight into PQS-controlled virulence in P. aeruginosa and provides important tools to further study signal export and OMV biogenesis. IMPORTANCE Bacterial secretion has been recognized as an essential facet of microbial pathogenesis and human disease. Numerous virulence factors have been found to be transported within outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), and delivery using these biological nanoparticles often results in increased potency. OMV biogenesis is an important but poorly understood process that is ubiquitous among Gram-negative organisms. Our group seeks to understand the biochemical mechanisms behind the formation of OMVs and has developed a model of small-molecule-induced membrane curvature as an important driver of this process. With this work, we demonstrate that PQS, a known small-molecule OMV inducer, must be exported to promote OMV biogenesis in both lab-adapted and clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In supporting and expanding the bilayer-couple model of OMV biogenesis, the current work lays the groundwork for studying environmental and genetic factors that modulate OMV production and, consequently, the packaging and delivery of many bacterial factors. IMPORTANCE Bacterial secretion has been recognized as an essential facet of microbial pathogenesis and human disease. Numerous virulence factors have been found to be transported within outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), and delivery using these biological nanoparticles often results in increased potency. OMV biogenesis is an important but poorly understood process that is ubiquitous among Gram-negative organisms. Our group seeks to understand the biochemical mechanisms behind the formation of OMVs and has developed a model of small-molecule-induced membrane curvature as an important driver of this process. With this work, we demonstrate that PQS, a known small-molecule OMV inducer, must be exported to promote OMV biogenesis in both lab-adapted and clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In supporting and expanding the bilayer-couple model of OMV biogenesis, the current work lays the groundwork for studying environmental and genetic factors that modulate OMV production and, consequently, the packaging and delivery of many bacterial factors.