Evidence for Holocene Activity on the Jiali Fault, an Active Block Boundary in the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Most active block boundary faults within the Tibetan plateau have been thought of as Holocene active, and are able to produce large earthquakes. However, it is unknown whether the Jiali fault (JLF) has been seismically active in the Holocene, which currently hampers efforts to undertake meaningful seismic hazard assessments near the southeastern part of the Tibetan plateau. In this study, it is shown that the JLF has indeed ruptured during the Holocene, as evidenced from geological, paleoseismic, and radiocarbon dating investigations. Specifically, at least two surface-rupturing paleoseismic events were revealed with ages between 2160±30 yr B.P. and 2680±30 yr B.P., and prior to 2730±30 yr B.P., respectively. Combined with previous studies on the JLF, we suggest that the fault (1) can be considered an active block boundary fault and (2) accommodates crustal deformation related to the uplift of the Tibetan plateau since the late Cenozoic.

Segregation versus Interdigitation in Highly Dynamic Polymer/Surfactant Layers

Many polymer/surfactant formulations involve a trapped kinetic state that provides some beneficial character to the formulation. However, the vast majority of studies on formulations focus on equilibrium states. Here, nanoscale structures present at dynamic interfaces in the form of air-in-water foams are explored, stabilised by mixtures of commonly used non-ionic, surface active block copolymers (Pluronic®) and small molecule ionic surfactants (sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS, and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, C12TAB). Transient foams formed from binary mixtures of these surfactants shows considerable changes in stability which correlate with the strength of the solution interaction which delineate the interfacial structures. Weak solution interactions reflective of distinct coexisting micellar structures in solution lead to segregated layers at the foam interface, whereas strong solution interactions lead to mixed structures both in bulk solution, forming interdigitated layers at the interface.

A Self-Repairing Digital System with High-Quality Scalability and Fault Coverage

In any fault tolerant or BIST system the primary goal is to covenant with faults that arise in the indented system. The proposed system using genetic algorithm to optimize the performance and area of given circuit. This approach is supple for combinational circuit design. The use of four spare cells simplifies the operation of the active block in the current system; it needs more space to establish itself so it is considered as overhead. The proposed method of fault detection and correction for logical errors using genetic algorithm decreases the area overhead. Detection of Fault in the memory unit through BIST implementation increases the speed but replacing the existing faulty block with fault free block degrades the fault analyzing capabilities. Utmost care has on all the works implemented for the process of minimizing the error in different digital process. Therefore, with the new scope of proposing the method of reducing the error flow for the application of medical field, aeronautical, satellite broadcasting is described very efficiently in this paper. The simulation results of the fault tolerant and self-repairing method using genetic algorithm is presented.