Dietary Thepax Effects on Intestinal Morphometry and Liver Histology in Young Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

The present study was carried out to assess the effect of diet supplemented with thepax on intestinal morphometry of young Cyprinus carpio. Fish mean weights were 13.40±1.85 gm and their mean total length 11.07±1.27 cm (30 specimens), which were randomly distributed into three treatments (two replications for each treatment). Fish groups were fed three dissimilar diets up to 60 days. The first group was fed with 0.5 gm thepax/kg diet, the second group was fed with 1 gm thepax/kg diet and the third group was served as the control group which fed basal diet without thepax.supplementation. The feed was applied twice daily at 3.0% of the body weight per day for 60 days. The intake of prebiotics (thepax) modified the gastrointestinal tracts. Villus length, villus width, and villus area were significantly (P<0.05) higher than control in young common carp fed the diet supplemented with thepax (1 gm/kg). No differences in liver histology are observed between the three experimental feed treatments. No histopathological changes like degeneration, necrosis, leukocyte infiltration, haemorrhage and steatosis were noticed. These results indicated that host-derived prebiotics, especially thepax (1 gm/kg) has significant potential as an important prebiotic to enhance the nutrients utilization and metabolism through increasing intestinal surface area in young common carp.

Cadmium-induced alterations in bio-chemical constituents of Labeo rohita and Cyprinus carpio fry: A comparative study

Cadmium is a well known heavy metal toxicant which can interfere with metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids by inhibiting the enzymes involved in the processes. In the present investigation, the effect of cadmium was evaluated on these biochemical constituents in two fresh water fish fry Labeo rohita and Cyprinus carpio. Fish fry of Labeo rohita and Cyprinus carpio were exposed to their respective sub-lethal concentrations (1/5th of LC50), 0.1998 ppm and 4.938 ppm of cadmium for a period of 20days. Total carbohydrates, proteins and lipids were estimated by standard biochemical procedures in control and exposed fish fry. Results showed significant fall in all the biochemical constituents and energy levels of exposed fish fry, indicating that the organism is under toxicant stress.

PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI DANAU MATANO, MAHALONA, DAN TOWUTI, SULAWESI SELATAN

Suatu penelitian untuk mengetahui aspek perikanan tangkap di Danau Matano, Mahalona, dan Towuti telah dilakukan dari bulan Mei Desember 2005. Danau Matano, Mahalona, dan Towuti merupakan contoh dari ekosistem danau tektonik yang menampung jenis ikan endemik dan juga jenis ikan introduksi (tilapia dan ikan mas, Cyprinus carpio). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei dengan cara mencari lokasi-lokasi ada aktivitas penangkapan ikan, wawancara dengan nelayan, dan bekerjasama dengan enumerator dalam mengumpulkan data penelitian. Hasil penelitian telah mendapatkan 22 jenis ikan endemik dan 6 jenis ikan introduksi yang tertangkap di ketiga danau (Matano, Mahalona, dan Towuti). Danau Matano tertangkap 7 jenis ikan endemik, Mahalona 8 jenis, dan Danau Towuti tertangkap 15 jenis. Jaring dan bagan merupakan alat tangkap yang dominan digunakan oleh nelayan untuk menangkap ikan endemik seperti ikan buttini (Glossogobius sp.) dan pangkilan (Telmatherina sp. dan Paratherina sp.). Hasil tangkapan ikan di Danau Towuti 5,7 kg per ha per tahun, Danau Mahalona 1,8 kg per ha per tahun, dan Danau Matano 1,2 kg per ha per tahun. Untuk melestarikan ikan-ikan endemik perlu ada pengelolaan dan pengaturan waktu dan lokasi penangkapan yang baik. A research in order to identify the capture fishery at Lakes: Matano, Mahalona, and Towuti was conducted from May to December 2005. Lakes Matano, Mahalona, and Towuti are examples of the representative tectonic lake ecosystems housing the endemic and some exotics (tilapia and carp, Cyprinus carpio) fish species. The survey methods were used in this reseacrh by hunting the location of fishing activities, interview with fishermen and partnership with enumerator in collecting research data. Results of the research show that 23 endemic fish species and 6 introduced per exotic fish species were caught in three research lakes. From 22 endemic fishes, 7 fish species were caught at Lake Matano, 8 fish species at Lake Mahalona, and 15 fish species were caught at Lake Towuti respectively. Gillnets and bagan were dominant fishing gears to catch the endemic fishes such as buttini (Glossogobius sp.) and pangkilan (Telmatherina sp. and Paratherina sp.). The productivity of the fisheries were 5.7 kg per ha per year for Lake Towuti, 1.8 kg per ha per year (Lake Mahalona), and 1.2 kg per ha per year (Lake Matano) respectively. To sustain endemic fishes is needed a better management eg. domesticating and regulating time and location of capture endemic fish species.