RISK ANALYSIS OF OFFSHORE TRANSPORTATION ACCIDENT IN ARCTIC WATERS

A methodology for risk analysis applicable to shipping in arctic waters is introduced. This methodology uses the Bowtie relationship to represent an accident causes and consequences. It is further used to quantify the probability of a ship accident and also the related accident consequences during navigation in arctic waters. Detailed fault trees for three possible ship accident scenarios in arctic transits are developed and represented as bowties. Factors related to cold and harsh conditions and their effects on grounding, foundering, and collision are considered as part of this study. To illustrate the application of the methodology, it is applied to a case of an oil-tanker navigating on the Northern Sea Route (NSR). The methodology is implemented in a Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework to assess the uncertainties arisen from historical data and expert judgments involved in the risk analysis.

Compensation Liability for Damages Caused by Self-driving Cars in the Tort Law of German and Japan

At the request of society, self-driving cars is entering the practical stage for the purpose of solving a lot of social problems, stimulating the development economy. However, to put Full Automated Driving system into practical use, we must deal with many, various legal concerns. Automatic Driving Technology will reduce the number of transportation accident, but never make it disappear. So in term of responsibility for accident, international law and national law of all countries in the world have identified and found the solutions to reform the law on the issue of self-driving cars. The study of the laws of countries with developed industrial science as Japan and German about “Compensation liability for damages caused by self-driving cars in the tort law” is particularly important for Vietnam.

Trajectory of the Victims of Overland Transport Accidents: From Prehospital to Hospital Care

Objective The aim is to evaluate the trajectory of the victims of ground transportation accidents from the prehospital care to the hospital. Methods The sample consisted of 1,264 patients collected from the prehospital care, from June 2015 to June 2016. The trajectory was analyzed by the difference in the average time elapsed between the call and the hospital entrance. The Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used, adopting a significance level of 5% and 95% confidence. Results Patients had a mean age of 31.2 years, Glasgow Coma Scale of 14.8 points, and 24.8 days of hospitalization. It is characterized predominantly masculine, conductive of the vehicle, being the motorcycle prevalent; most of them wore a helmet/seat belt and no alcohol. The association between the average time of care and the characteristics related to the victim was significant: the use of the belt/helmet, alcoholism, and type of discharge and relative to the accident: area of occurrence, period of the week, shift of occurrence, type of prehospital care, and other party involved. Conclusion The characteristics related to ground transportation accident interfere in the time of prehospital care to the hospital, which can influence the prognosis.