Materials science and technology of metallic, non-metallic and composite materials

Book 1 of the textbook consists of two parts. Part I describes the structure of metallic, non-metallic, and composite materials. Technologies of production of metal materials are considered: metallurgical production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals; powder metallurgy; technologies of production of non-metallic materials: polymers, glass, graphite; technologies of production of composite materials, including semi-finished products-prepregs, premixes. Part II is devoted to methods for studying the properties of materials. Metal materials, technologies of their hardening by thermal, chemical-thermal treatment, and plastic deformation are considered. The features of organic and inorganic nonmetallic materials, as well as the possibility of changing their properties, are given. Composite materials are widely covered, and the areas of their rational application are shown. Revised chapter 14, which deals with intelligent materials. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For bachelors and undergraduates studying in groups of training areas 15.00.00 "Mechanical Engineering" and 22.00.00 "Materials Technologies". It can be used for training graduate students of engineering specialties, as well as for advanced training of engineering and technical workers of machine-building enterprises.

Comparison between the Use of Aluminum and Composites in the Design of a Wing-Spar of an Airplane

In this paper a comparison between the results of the stress analysis of wing spar of metallic and composite materials has been done in order to assess how the use of composites modifies the weight and strength of the structure. To perform this assessment, the Ansys tutorial program was used to check our results for metallic and composite materials. This test was made for different arrangements of composite material to reach the best design of the composite spar to use it in manufacturing airplanes. There is a large amount of analysis and validation performed at the certification to demonstrate the Airworthiness requirements of aircraft structure so that, the composites have been subject of permanent interest of various specialists at the previous years. This secures the safe operation of the airplane under standard operating environments and also load conditions that the aircraft is intended to operate through its design service life. It is a trial to prove that the composites have a lot of advantages in the manufacturing process.

Characterisation of nicalon fibres using EPMA

Nicalon is a fibre produced commercially by melt spinning a mixture of silanes and pyrolising the product. This gives a ceramic fibre, based upon silicon carbide, used for reinforcing metallic and composite materials. The composition of Nicalon is not fully understood but in addition to silicon carbide the presence of free carbon, and silica have been reported together with a non-stoichiometric oxycarbide.EPMA was carried out on transverse fibre sections prepared from a plate of metal matrix composite using a JEOL 8600M fitted with wavelength dispersive spectrometers. Quantitative data were obtained at a voltage of 15kV using reference standards of silicon carbide (for silicon and carbon analysis) and silica (for oxygen). The analyzing crystals employed for recording CK, OK and SiKα radiation were lead stearate, a W-Si multlilayer (2d = 7nm) and PET respectively. Peak intensity measurements were used except in the case of CK radiation where area measurements were necessary because of obvious differences in peak shape from Nicalon and SiC.