Nanostructures of Phospholipids on Articular Cartilage Surface and their Functions

Phospholipids bilayers fulfill an important role in natural joint lamellar-repulsive lubrication mechanism. Low friction between surfaces coated with negatively charged the phospholipid headgroup (–PO4-) as being due to a hydration layer. Wettability of the cartilage surface depends on the number of PLs that act as a lubricant. The cartilage can be classified as a group of intelligent material, which in the wet state has a contact angle of ~0º, and the air-dry state has a contact angle of ~104º.

Design and Analysis of Release Mechanism using Shape Memory Alloy for Spacecraft

Shape memory alloy (SMA) is used as a smart material. It is also called as Nitinol and intelligent material because it regains their original shape after deformation. It works on the principle of shape memory effect which regain their original shape after passing through different temperature phases. SMA get some more attention in incoming years due to their superior and unique properties. This paper presents design and maximum stress analysis of release mechanism using SMA. It also covers the capability and efficiency of notch bolt of Frangibolt mechanism. Its design, calculation and analysis has done in CAD software and simulation software.