Migration in the Human Rights Context

The phenomenon of migration concerns 3.3% of the general population living in the world and its number is still increasing. In order to stop migration measures are taken, which are largely against human rights to migration. The right to migration itself is denied. The activities that aim to restrict the right and not to regulate it become an alarming tendency. As a category of mixed rights, whose title is in the human nature (dignity), measure is positive regulation of exercising these rights as its internal element.

Indonesia’s Rural Development and APBDes Transparency Gap Overhaul by Endogenous Praxis Continuum

For good or ill, earlier fare of rural enhancement budget for the RPJMN (or National Medium Term Development Plan) 2020-2024 asks both reviving 10.000 left-behind villages and 5.000 suburbs, its enlargement schemed for 9.9% growth. Quintessentially, Indonesia has set 72 trillion rupiahs to be allocated over 74.961 rustics but, recent fact uncovers its noticeable intransparency. Driven by foregoing issue, this research led the initiative problem-solving reshapes countryside APBDes onto more transparent; later, the method named Endogenous Praxis, shall become a notion integrates rural internal element e.g. commoners, learners, neighborhoods, and hamlets. In total, seventy-two-trillion divided 74.961 suburbs equal ±960.499.459 rupiahs/ each. Amidst plenty amount finance, wider unequivocal symbiotic amongst internal element and urban village head must forthright, it would via open-colloquium-assembly through PRA or Participatory Rural Appraisal, criticizing: (i). RPJMDes, (ii). RKPDes, and (iii). Terms in Regional Transfer and Village Funds/ TKDD, thus, backwoods’ amenities furtherance per annum might less from disarray.

An Ordovician nectocaridid hints at an endocochleate origin of Cephalopoda

Nectocaridids are soft-bodied Cambrian organisms that have been controversially interpreted as primitive cephalopods, at odds with the long-held belief that these mollusks evolved from a shell-bearing ancestor. Here, I document a new nectocaridid from the Whetstone Gulf Formation, extending the group's range into the Late Ordovician. Nectocotis rusmithi n. gen. n. sp. possesses a robust internal element that resembles a non-mineralized phragmocone or gladius. Nectocaridids can be accommodated in the cephalopod total group if the earliest cephalopods (1) inherited a non-mineralized shell field from the ancestral mollusk; and (2) internalized this shell field. This evolutionary scenario would overturn the traditional ectocochleate, Nautilus-like reconstruction of the ancestral cephalopod, and indicate a trend towards increased metabolic efficiency through the course of Cambrian–Ordovician evolution.UUID: http://zoobank.org/ed594200-37b9-4642-bd8f-4fb72dc544eb

Topology Optimization Under Stress Relaxation Effect Using Internal Element Connectivity Parameterization

The creep phenomenon has enormous effect on the stress and displacement distribution in the structures. Redistribution of the stress field is one of these effects which is called stress relaxation. The importance of stress relaxation in the design of structures is increasing due to engineering applications especially in high temperature. However, this phenomenon has remained absent from the structural optimization studies. In the present study, the effect of stress relaxation due to high temperature creep is considered in topology optimization (TO). Internal element connectivity parameterization (I-ECP) method is utilized for performing TO. This method is shown to be effective to overcome numerical instabilities in nonlinear problems. Time-dependent adjoint sensitivity formulation is implemented for I-ECP including creep effect. Several benchmark problems are solved, and the optimum layouts obtained by linear and nonlinear methods are compared to show the efficiency of the proposed method and to show the effect of stress relaxation on the optimum layout.

A quantitative survey of N Prep N constructions in Romance languages and prepositional variability

The distinction between syntagmatic compounds of the type N Prep N, such as Fr. jouet d’enfant, and nominal syntagms of the type N Prep N, such as the partially equivalent Fr. jouet pour enfants, remains unclear and vague. This is mainly because the lexical and syntactic status of syntagmatic compounds still is controversial. In some cases, as in jouet d’enfant and jouet pour enfants, partial equivalent syntagmatic compounds and nominal syntagms may coexist and underlie a specific variation and alternation. In other cases, such as Pt. bracelete de aço and bracelete em aço, two variants of a syntagmatic compound may alternate and coexist. The first part of this paper provides an overview of the current discussion on these two types of constructions. The second part addresses the alternation and variation of syntagmatic compounds and nominal syntagms by means of analysis of large-scale corpus data, the French, Spanish and Portuguese corpus of the TenTen family. Here, the focus lies on the variation of the prepositional internal element of these constructions as well as on a comparison of different word formation patterns.

Two Mathematical Comments on the Thevenin Theorem: An “Algebraic Ideal” and the “Affine Nonlinearity”

We discuss the most important and simple concept of basic circuit theory—the concept of the unideal source—or the Thevenin circuit. It is explained firstly how the Thevenin circuit can be interpreted in the algebraic sense. Then, we critically consider the common opinion that it is a linear circuit, showing that linearity (or nonlinearity) depends on the use of the port. The difference between the cases of a source being an input or an internal element (as it is in Thevenin’s circuit) is important here. The distinction in the definition of linear operator in algebra (here in system theory) and in geometry is also important for the subject, and we suggest the wide use of the concept of “affine nonlinearity.” This kind of nonlinearity should be relevant for the development of complicated circuitry (perhaps in a biological modeling context) with nonprescribed definition of subsystems, when the interpretation of a port as input or output can become dependent on the local intensity of a process.

Context-preserving XQuery fusion

This paper solves the known problem of elimination of unnecessary internal element construction as well as variable elimination in XML processing with (a subset of) XQuery without ignoring the issues of document order. The semantics of XQuery is context sensitive and requires preservation of document order. In this paper, we propose, as far as we are aware, the first XQuery fusion that can deal with both the document order and the context of XQuery expressions. More specifically, we carefully design a context representation of XQuery expressions based on the Dewey order encoding, develop a context-preserving XQuery fusion for ordered trees by static emulation of the XML store, and prove that our fusion is correct. Our XQuery fusion has been implemented, and all the examples in this paper have passed through the system.