Improvement of Parent’s Awareness, Knowledge, Perception, and Acceptability of HPV Vaccination After a Structured-educational Intervention

Background: Regardless of the disease burden of human papillomavirus (HPV), the vaccine has not been included in the Indonesia National Immunization Program. Since 2017 there was a demonstration program of the HPV vaccination in Yogyakarta Province. This vaccine was given free to female primary school students in the 5 th and 6 th grades (11-13 years old). This study aimed to assess whether a structured-educational intervention focus on HPV increases the parental awareness, knowledge, and perceptions toward HPV and the vaccine acceptability. Methods: We conducted a pre-post structured-educational intervention study from July to August 2017 before the implementation of the HPV vaccination demonstration program, in Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Parents of female primary school students grades 5 th and 6 th were selected using a school-based proportional random sampling. A pediatric resident provided a structured-educational intervention, which consists of the burden and risk of HPV disease, as well as the benefit and safety of the vaccine. Parents were required to complete validated self-administered questionnaires before and after the structured-educational intervention. Results: A total of 506 parents participated. Before receiving the structured-educational intervention, parents' awareness of HPV infection and the vaccines were low. Only 49.2% of parents had heard HPV infection, and 48.8% had heard about the vaccine. After the structured-educational intervention, there were significant improvements in parent’s awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of HPV infection, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination (all p <0.001). HPV vaccine's acceptability increased from 74.3% to 87.4% ( p <0.001). There was a significant correlation between increasing HPV vaccine acceptability with the improvement of awareness, knowledge, and perception toward HPV infection, cervical cancer and HPV vaccination (r=0.32 to 0.53, p <0.001). After the structured-educational intervention, better knowledge and positive perceptions of HPV vaccination were predictive of HPV vaccine's acceptability with OR 1.90 (95%CI:1.40-2.57) and OR 1.31(95%CI:1.05-1.63), respectively. Conclusions: A structured-educational intervention may improve parental awareness, knowledge, and perceptions toward HPV and the acceptability of the vaccine. Further study, a randomized control trial with longer follow-up are needed to evaluate the long-term and actual effectiveness of improving parents’ knowledge, perceptions and HPV vaccine acceptability .

Improvement of Parent’s awareness, knowledge, perception, and acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination after a structured-educational intervention

Background Regardless of the disease burden of human papillomavirus (HPV), the vaccine has not been included in the Indonesia National Immunization Program. Since 2017 there was a demonstration program of the HPV vaccination in Yogyakarta Province. This vaccine was given free to female primary school students in the 5th and 6th grades (11–13 years old). This study aimed to assess whether a structured-educational intervention focus on HPV increases the parental awareness, knowledge, and perceptions toward HPV and the vaccine acceptability. Methods We conducted a pre-post structured-educational intervention study from July to August 2017 before the implementation of the HPV vaccination demonstration program, in Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Parents of female primary school students grades 5th and 6th were selected using a school-based proportional random sampling. A pediatric resident provided a structured-educational intervention, which consists of the burden and risk of HPV disease, as well as the benefit and safety of the vaccine. Parents were required to complete validated self-administered questionnaires before and after the structured-educational intervention. Results A total of 506 parents participated. Before receiving the structured-educational intervention, parents’ awareness of HPV infection and the vaccines were low. Only 49.2% of parents had heard HPV infection, and 48.8% had heard about the vaccine. After the structured-educational intervention, there were significant improvements in parent’s awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of HPV infection, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination (all p < 0.001). HPV vaccine’s acceptability increased from 74.3 to 87.4% (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between increasing HPV vaccine acceptability with the improvement of awareness, knowledge, and perception toward HPV infection, cervical cancer and HPV vaccination (r = 0.32 to 0.53, p < 0.001). After the structured-educational intervention, better knowledge and positive perceptions of HPV vaccination were predictive of HPV vaccine’s acceptability with OR 1.90 (95%CI:1.40–2.57) and OR 1.31(95%CI,1.05–1.63), respectively. Conclusions A structured-educational intervention may improve parental awareness, knowledge, and perceptions toward HPV and the acceptability of the vaccine. Further study, a randomized control trial with longer follow-up are needed to evaluate the long-term and actual effectiveness of improving parents’ knowledge, perceptions and HPV vaccine acceptability.

Improvement of Parent’s Awareness, Knowledge, Perception, and Acceptability of HPV Vaccination After a Structured-educational Intervention

Background: Regardless of the disease burden of human papillomavirus (HPV), the vaccine has not been included in the Indonesia National Immunization Program. Since 2017 there was a demonstration program of the HPV vaccination in Yogyakarta Province. This vaccine was given free to female primary school students in the 5th and 6th grades (11-13 years old). This study aimed to assess whether a structured-educational intervention focus on HPV increases the parental awareness, knowledge, and perceptions toward HPV and the vaccine acceptability.Methods: We conducted a pre-post structured-educational intervention study from July to August 2017 before the implementation of the HPV vaccination demonstration program, in Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Parents of female primary school students grades 5th and 6th were selected using a school-based proportional random sampling. A pediatric resident provided a structured-educational intervention, which consists of the burden and risk of HPV disease, as well as the benefit and safety of the vaccine. Parents were required to complete validated self-administered questionnaires before and after the structured-educational intervention. Results: A total of 506 parents participated. Before receiving the structured-educational intervention, parents' awareness of HPV infection and the vaccines were low. Only 49.2% of parents had heard HPV infection, and 48.8% had heard about the vaccine. After the structured-educational intervention, there were significant improvements in parent’s awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of HPV infection, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination (all p<0.001). HPV vaccine's acceptability increased from 74.3% to 87.4% (p<0.001). There was a significant correlation between increasing HPV vaccine acceptability with the improvement of awareness, knowledge, and perception toward HPV infection, cervical cancer and HPV vaccination (r=0.32 to 0.53, p<0.001). After the structured-educational intervention, better knowledge and positive perceptions of HPV vaccination were predictive of HPV vaccine's acceptability with OR 1.90 (95%CI:1.40-2.57) and OR 1.31(95%CI:1.05-1.63), respectively. Conclusions: A structured-educational intervention may improve parental awareness, knowledge, and perceptions toward HPV and the acceptability of the vaccine. Further study, a randomized control trial with longer follow-up are needed to evaluate the long-term and actual effectiveness of improving parents’ knowledge, perceptions and HPV vaccine acceptability.

Improvement of Parent’s Awareness, Knowledge, Perception, and Acceptability of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination After a Structured-educational Intervention

Background: Regardless of the disease burden of human papillomavirus(HPV), the vaccine has not been included in the Indonesia National Immunization Program. Since 2017 there was a demonstration program of the HPV vaccination in Yogyakarta Province. This vaccine was given free to female primary school students in the 5th and 6th grades (11-13 years old). This study aimed to assess whether a structured-educational intervention focus on HPV increases the parental awareness, knowledge, and perceptions toward HPV and the vaccine acceptability.Methods: We conducted a pre-post structured-educational intervention study from July to August 2017 before the implementation of the HPV vaccination demonstration program, in Kulon Progo District, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Parents of female primary school students grades 5th and 6th were selected using a school-based proportional random sampling. A pediatric resident provided a structured-educational intervention, which consists of the burden and risk of HPV disease, as well as the benefit and safety of the vaccine. Parents were required to complete validated self-administered questionnaires before and after the structured-educational intervention. Results: A total of 506 parents participated. Before receiving the structured-educational intervention, parents' awareness of HPV infection and the vaccines were low. Only 49.2% of parents had heard HPV infection, and 48.8% had heard about the vaccine. After the structured-educational intervention, there were significant improvements in parent’s awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of HPV infection, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination (all p<0.001). HPV vaccine's acceptability increased from 74.3% to 87.4% (p<0.001). There was a significant correlation between increasing HPV vaccine acceptability with the improvement of awareness, knowledge, and perception toward HPV infection, cervical cancer and HPV vaccination (r=0.32 to 0.53, p<0.001). After the structured-educational intervention, better knowledge and positive perceptions of HPV vaccination were predictive of HPV vaccine's acceptability with OR 1.90 (95%CI:1.40-2.57) and OR 1.31(95%CI:1.05-1.63), respectively.Conclusions: A structured-educational intervention may improve parental awareness, knowledge, and perceptions toward HPV and the acceptability of the vaccine. Further study, a randomized control trial with longer follow-up are needed to evaluate the long-term and actual effectiveness of improving parents’ knowledge, perceptions and HPV vaccine acceptability.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Acceptability in Hispanic Males Living on the U.S./Mexico Border

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, and the prevalence rate of infections is approximately 79 million. Research investigating HPV vaccine acceptability has primarily focused on female populations. The current study investigates factors associated with HPV vaccine acceptability in an underrepresented population within the literature, Hispanic males. Ninety-seven male participants ( M age = 21.68 years; SD = 3.97) were recruited from a large urban university along the U.S./Mexico border to complete a 15- to 20-minute survey. More than half of the sample reported to have had a sexual experience within the past 12 months and a fifth of these participants reported that they never use protection such as condoms. Furthermore, about half of the sample reported that they did not receive the HPV vaccine or were unaware if they received the HPV vaccine. A strong correlation emerged between individual vaccine risk perceptions and family vaccine risk perceptions ( r = .82; p < .001). The following factors emerged as predictors of vaccine acceptability: having recommendations from health care providers, having a family with positive attitudes toward vaccines, and having a family that perceives less risks associated with vaccines. Implications of the findings are discussed.