Karakteristik Poli Asam Laktat Glikolat (Kajian Rasio Asam Laktat Limbah Aren-Asam Glikolat)

Polimer Poli Asam Laktat Glikolat (PLGA) merupakan salah satu jenis polimer yang telah disetujui FDA dan EMA untuk penggunaan biomedik. Kelebihan PLGA yaitu biokompatibilitas, biodegradabilitas, fleksibilitas, dan efek samping yang minimal. PLGA telah dikembangkan untuk penggunaan medis namun pemenuhannya masih berupa impor. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini monomer asam laktat dari limbah pati aren dan asam glikolat dengan rasio LA:GA = 75%:25%; 90%:10%; 95%:5%; direaksikan secara Ring Opening Polymerization (ROP) dengan bantuan katalis Sn(II) Oktoat membentuk PLGA. PLGA hasil kemudian ditambahkan PVA, dengan rasio PLGA:PVA 3:2; 3:3; 3:4; dan 3:5 dengan metode solution casting membentuk film. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kombinasi rasio LA:GA dan rasio penambahan PVA mempengaruhi karakteristik film PLGA. Hasil kekakuan dan Modulus Young film PLGA tertinggi pada kombinasi penambahan rasio LA:GA = 75%:25% dan penambahan rasio PLGA:PVA =3:4. Biodegrabilitas film PLGA terbaik pada kombinasi penambahan rasio LA:GA 90%:10% dan penambahan rasio PLGA:PVA 3:4. Film PLGA memiliki biokompatibilitas yang baik pada semua rasio LA:GA, dengan penambahan rasio PLGA:PVA lebih dari 3:2. Hasil film PLGA memiliki morfologi permukaan paling halus pada rasio penambahan PLGA : PVA 3:2, dan memiliki struktur semi kristalin.Lactic Glycolic Acid Polymer (PLGA) is a type of polymer that has been approved by the FDA and EMA for biomedical use. The advantages of PLGA are biocompatibility, biodegradability, flexibility, and minimal side effects. PLGA has been developed for medical use but fulfillment is still imported. Therefore, in this study, the lactic acid monomer from waste palm starch and glycolic acid with a ratio of LA: GA = 75%: 25%; 90%: 10%; 95%: 5%; reacted with Ring Opening Polymerization (ROP) with the help of a catalyst Sn (II) Octoate to form PLGA. The resulting PLGA was then added with PVA, with a ratio of PLGA: PVA 3: 2; 3: 3; 3: 4; and 3: 5 with the solution casting method forming the film. This research was conducted experimentally with a factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The results showed that the combination of LA: GA ratio and PVA addition ratio affected the PLGA film characteristics. The results of stiffness and Young's Modulus of PLGA film were highest in the combination of addition of the ratio of LA: GA = 75%: 25% and the addition of the ratio of PLGA: PVA = 3: 4. The best PLGA film biodegradability was combined with the addition of the ratio of LA: GA 90%: 10% and the addition of the PLGA: PVA ratio 3: 4. PLGA film has good biocompatibility in all LA: GA ratios, with the addition of a PLGA: PVA ratio of more than 3: 2. The results of the PLGA film had the smoothest surface morphology at the ratio of addition of PLGA: PVA 3: 2, and had a semi-crystalline structure.

Experiment Research on Bonding Effect of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Device by Surface Treatment Method

According to the low temperature and high effective bonding problem of microdevices made of degradable polymer PLGA, chemical, plasma, and UV irradiation method are used to study the experimental surface treatment of PLGA films and microdevices bonding process. The results show that all three methods can reduce the surface contact angle of PLGA films, the contact angle increases with time at room temperature, and the PLGA films contact angle is almost unchanged under refrigeration. The PLGA film bonding temperature is significantly reduced after UV irradiation, and the bonding interfaces also generate diffusion cross linking layer are dense and uniform.

PORCINE SMALL INTESTINAL SUBMUCOSA REDUCES THE INFLAMMATORY REACTION OF POLY(LACTIDE-CO-GLYCOLIDE) FILMS

Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), a well-known synthetic polymer comprised of PLA and PGA, is used commonly as a scaffold for soft and hard tissue engineering purposes; however, the appropriate strategies for reducing its host tissue inflammatory response remain obscure. Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been applied as a natural, biodegradable matrix for dressing materials, tendon graft substitutes and scaffolds. We hypothesized that the host tissue reaction of PLGA might occur but could be reduced by impregnating SIS into PLGA. We manufactured PLGA/SIS hybrid films with 0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 wt.% SIS of PLGA. The inflammatory potential of PLGA was evaluated using mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the surrounding tissue of implanted scaffolds. The response of subcutaneously implanted PLGA/SIS films were compared to PLGA film; the local inflammatory response was observed by histology. PLGA/SIS films, especially PLGA/SIS films containing 20, 40 and 80 wt.% SIS, elicited a significantly lower expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 than PLGA film. PLGA/SIS films demonstrated a favorable tissue response profile compared to PLGA film, with significant less inflammation and fibrous capsule formation as below only 20 wt.% of PLGA/SIS film during implantation. This study demonstrates reduced inflammatory response of PLGA by different amounts of SIS and PLGA/SIS scaffolds being used for tissue engineering constructs.

Studies Based on Preparation, Physical Characteristics, and Cellular Pharmacological Activities of Thin PLGA Film Loaded with Geniposide

In this primary study, thin polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) film loaded with geniposide was first prepared and demonstrated on both physical and pharmacological aspects for its potential application on drug-eluting vascular stents. Physical parameters of geniposide-loaded thin film, such as crystal structure, molecular spectral characteristics, and release behavior in the whole process were detected. From X-Ray diffraction, the characteristic peak of crystal geniposide disappeared on geniposide-loaded PLGA film (GLPF) after it formed, which meant there was no agglomeration phenomenon, as geniposide was distributed in the form of single molecule. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) figure, the GLPF was more flat and uniform with better compactness. It inferred that release behavior of geniposide at the early stage (0~15 d) was in the form of free diffusion. Carrier PLGA began to degrade 15 days later, so the residual geniposide was also dissolved. Cellular pharmacological effects of geniposide on endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were also demonstrated on GLPF. 5% and 10% (w/w) geniposide-loaded PLGA (60 : 40) membrane indicated its significant effect on ECs promotion and SMCs inhibition. All provided feasible evidences for the development of new geniposide-coating vascular stent using PLGA as carrier.