Productivity and elements of its structure of the new pea lines

The studies were carried out in 2016–2018 in the competitive variety testing of peas on the crop rotation fields belonging to the laboratory of legume breeding and seed-growing of the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, located in the part of the Rostov region with unstable humidity (Zernograd). During the years of research, the meteorological conditions of the pea vegetation were contrast that made it possible to objectively estimate the pea lines in the given weather and climate conditions. In the com­petitive variety testing, the 18 lines were studied according to economically valuable traits (seed productivity, productivity elements, adaptability to machine harvesting). As a result of the study, the 6 pea lines were identified: 2 lines of the mustache morphotype “G-1002”, “G-1003”; 4 leafy lines “G-1010”, “G-1011”, “G-1013” and “G-1015”. In the group of the mustache morphotype, 2 lines “G-1002” (on 0.30 t/ha), “G-1003” (on 0.39 t/ha) exceeded the grain productivity of the standard variety for 3 years of study on aver­age. The productivity increase was from 12.4 to 16.1%. In the group of variety samples of the leafy morphotype, the line “G-1010” (on 0.31 t/ha) significantly exceeded grain productivity of the standard variety. All the selected lines were tolerant to their seed-shedding. The line “G-1010” (48.8 pc per plant) showed the highest seed yield per plant. The lines “G-1003” (222.1 g), “G-1011” (209.5 g) and “G-1013” (207.8 g) had the largest fineness of grain. The line “G-1010” (8.85 g/plant) demonstrated the highest productivity per plant. However, having a low coefficient of resistance to lodging (0.35), this line has the greatest loss of seeds during harvesting. The iden­tified lines will be used in further breeding work according to a number of their economically valuable traits.

Vague Propositions

If there are vague propositions, and the vague supervenes on the precise, then vague propositions cannot be represented by sets of metaphysically possible worlds. According to an alternative, broadly supervaluationist idea, propositions are sets of world-precisification pairs. To interpret this theory non-linguistically, precisifications are understood as assigning an extension to each vague property at each possible world. However, there are many other positions on propositional fineness of grain. The chapter investigates the general logic of propositional individuation. It gives an internal definition of the broadest notion of necessity, and shows that it is at least as broad as any combination of determinacy and necessity operators. It formulates a propositions-first account of vague propositions, in which propositions are taken as primitive and not constructed out of sets of things, and presents a theory of vague propositions in which they are individuated by their role in thought.

Structural Aspects Revealed by X-Ray Diffraction for Aluminum Alloys 2024 Type

This paper presents experimental results revealed on the samples type 2024 aluminum alloy used in aeronautics. Adequate characterization of 2024 aluminum alloys with special destination (aviation) was achieved by combined investigations:(i) wet chemical analysis, (ii) spectrochemical analysis, (iii) X-ray diffraction and (iv) electron microscopy. The main conclusion that emerges from the investigations carried out on aluminum samples revealed that: (a) alloys fits in terms of composition with the standard specification for 2024, in all cases; (b) microstructure vary in fineness of grain, but meets the requirements of aviation rules; the investigated microstructures have been appreciated as adequate of aluminum alloys type "2024".

Microstructural Investigation of Aluminum Alloys Type "2024" for the Aviation Industry

This paper presents experimental results revealed on the samples type 2024 aluminum alloy used in aeronautics. The results of microstructural and compositional investigations presented in this paper were performed on samples taken from 2024 Al alloy samples produced by ALRO Slatina. The main objective of the investigation is the conformity assessment of alloys in terms of chemical composition with the specifications type of aviation [SAE AMS 47N, EN 515, etc]. It also aims microstructural conformity assessment in terms of the grain and the hardening effects by natural or artificial aging applied by the manufacturer. Adequate characterization of 2024 aluminum alloys type was achieved by combined investigations: (i) Wet Chemical Analysis, (ii) Spectrochemical Analysis and (iii) Electron Microscopy. The main conclusion that emerges from the investigations carried out on aluminum samples revealed that: (a) alloys fits in terms of composition with the standard specification for 2024, in all cases; (b) microstructure vary in fineness of grain, but meets the requirements of aviation rules; the investigated microstructures have been appreciated as adequate of aluminum alloys type "2024".