Dimensions of Similarity Used to Identify Products As Sources of Analogy

This paper presents a human-subject experiment exploring the dimensions of product similarity that designers use to detect a product as a source of analogy during designing another. In the study, fifty voluntary participants are presented with a target product that is to be designed, and five other source products that are similar to the design task in various dimensions such as function, structure, or working principle. The designers are then asked to identify the products that they consider to be useful sources of analogy for designing the target, and to write in plain English why they considered so. These comments are analyzed using a protocol to reveal the dimensions of similarity between the target and the source product that inspired them to select the source. The data comprises of 2,440 total dimension instances among the participants. The results show that the identification of products as sources of analogy is driven by at least six dimensions: working principle, structure, human interaction, function, energy flows, and material flows. Among these, working principle, structure, and human interaction are more dominant than function, which was previously believed to be the sole driver of analogy.

Special Characteristics and Synchronizations of Multi Hybrid-Order Chaotic Systems

Based on advantages of integer and fractional chaotic systems, hybrid chaotic systems and their definitions and some fundamental concepts are proposed, such as hybrid degree (HD), the lowest order (LO) and the total dimension order (TDO). The preliminary properties of hybrid Lorenz systems and hybrid forms of some classic chaotic systems are studied. Then, the relations between HD, LO and TDO with different parameters is investigated in chaotic systems. To be specific, HD is associated with fractional order. It is a directional method to search LO and TDO in chaotic systems. Finally, based on the incommensurate fractional stability theory, we accomplish combination synchronization for three different hybrid order chaotic systems. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the synchronization controller.

Building an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Humanitarian Aid Delivery

When an emergency occurs, immediate responses are needed for the affected areas. Conventional means of transportation often face difficulties carrying supplies to the location in need, especially in severely damaged areas.In this project, a small semi-autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was designed and constructed to undertake a representative humanitarian aid mission. The system has a novel hex-rotor design with overlapping propellers. Half of the motors have been turned upside down with a slight overlap between each propeller, hence reducing the total dimension of the system without losing its efficiency. The system is also equipped with a new lightweight servo activated two ring release system, allowing it to carry and release two kilograms of payloads with only small physical force needed.Overall, the system is capable to operate automatically while performing a series of tasks such as navigate waypoints and deliver payloads before returning to base. the system created in this project could deliver two individual payloads of 1 kg each to the pre-destinated target almost autonomously. The system provided promising results that encourage the utilization of UAV for delivering Humanitarian Aid.

Rupture Directivity Analysis of the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake and Its Seismotectonic Implication

ABSTRACT The Mw 6.6 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake striking southern Hokkaido Island on 5 September 2018 was a disastrous and peculiar event. In contrast to the usually shallow crustal earthquakes, this event occurred at a hypocentral depth about 37 km, close to the Moho discontinuity. To infer the rupture feature of the 2018 Hokkaido earthquake, we determine focal mechanism and centroid depth of the event with inversion of teleseismic waveforms. The result reveals that the centroid (at depth about 26 km) of this thrust earthquake is shallower than the hypocenter, which suggests the upward rupture propagation and dominant rupture in the lower crust. We also investigate the causative fault and rupture directivity based on waveform modeling. The steeply dipping fault (70°) with strike in the north–south direction is preferred to be the causative fault. The total dimension of rupture is estimated to be about 30 km, based on the aftershock distribution and rupture directivity. We propose that a seismogenic model with low temperature and complex stress field in the lower crust above the subduction‐zone interface may explain this event.

Pemanfaatan Teknologi Vacuum Frying untuk Mendukung Diversifikasi Produk Olahan Makanan Ringan pada UKM di Kec. Koto Balingka, Kab. Pasaman Barat, Prov. Sumatera Barat

ABSTRAK: Potensi hasil pertanian yang ada di kecamatan Koto Balingka,Kab. Pasaman Barattelah dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sekitarnya dengan melakukan kegiatan pengolahan hasil pertanian menjadi produk olahan makanan ringan seperti keripik. Pada umumnya, bentuk kegiatan usaha yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat masih dalam skala rumah tangga, seperti yang dikelola oleh UKM Umak Havis dan UKM Umak Buyung. Kedua UKM ini, tepatnya berada di Jorong Lubuk Gadang, kecamatan Koto Balingka.Kedua UKM ini hanya menggunakan komoditi pisang dan ubi kayu sebagai bahan baku pembuatan keripik. Ketergantungan UKM sangat tinggi terhadap komoditi pisang dan ubi kayu. Sementara itu, keberadaan hasil hortikultura lainnya dapat menjadi bahan baku alternatif dalam mendiversifikasikan produk olahan mereka selain pisang dan ubi kayu. Proses produksi dan pengemasan produk yang dilakukan pada kedua UKM ini menunjukkan belum adanya sentuhan teknologi sehingga produk yang dihasilkan memiliki daya saing yang rendah. Melalui kegiatan PKM ini ditawarkan solusi dalam bentuk menyediakan teknologi penggorengan berupa alat vaccum frying dan spinner serta teknologi pengemasan menggunakan hand sealer. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahapan yang meliputi tahap pembuatan alat vaccum frying dan spinner, tahap evaluasi kinerja alat, dan tahap introduksi alat dan teknologi pengemasan kepada mitra. Kapasitas maksimum alat vacuum frying adalah 1.5 kg dengan dimensi total 470 mm x 390 mm x 940 mm (p x l x t). Sementara itu, spinner dibuat dengan ukuran 450 mm x 390 mm x 800 mm dengan daya motor penggerak 400 watt. Kegiatan introduksi berjalan dengan lancar dan mitra tertarik dan antusis. Kegiatan ini menambah pengetahuan mitra dalam mendiversifikasikan produk olahan dan proses tranfer teknologi pengemasan sehingga dapat membantu mitra dalam melakukan pengemasan produk yang lebih menarik bagi konsumen.Kata kunci: Diversifikasi Produk, Teknologi Pengemasan, Vaccum Frying, Spinner. Utilization of Vacuum Frying Technology to Support Snack Products Diversification of SME in Koto Balingka, Pasaman Barat District, West SumatraABSTRACT: Agricultural products in Koto Balingka sub-district has been used by community by processing the products into snacks such as chips. Generally, the business carried out by the community were in a household scale, such as Small Medium Enterprise (SME) Umak Havis and SME Umak Buyung. These two SMEs, located in Lubuk Gadang vilage, Koto Balingka sub-district. These SMEs only use banana and cassava as a raw material for producing the chips. The dependence of SMEs was very high on the commodity of bananas and cassava. Meanwhile, the presence of other horticultural products could be an alternative raw material in diversifying their processed products. Previously, there is no technology apllied in the production and packaging process carried out on these two SMEs. Therefore, this Community Development Activity offered a solution by providing frying technology consists of a frying and spinner vaccum device and packaging technology using hand sealer. This activity was carried out in several stages which are building the frying and spinner vaccum device, evaluation of devices performance, and introducing the device and packaging technology to partners. The maximum capacity of a vacuum frying device is 1.5 kg with a total dimension of 470 mm x 390 mm x 940 mm (p x l x t). Meanwhile, spinner dimension was 450 mm x 390 mm x 800 mm with a power of 400-watt drive motor. The introduction activities conducted smoothly, and the partners showed their interest and enthusiasm. The activity has broadened the knowledge of partners in diversifying processed products. In addition, it also improves their product packaging become more attractive for the consumer.Keywords: Product Diversification, Packaging Technology, Vaccum Frying, Spinner.

Rancang Bangun Mesin Pembersih dan Pengupas Kentang

ABSTRACTEngineering of potatoes cleaning and peeling machineChips can be produced from varieties of raw materials including potatoes. To make potato chips on a large scale requires a machine that can facilitate all or one of the manufacturing processes. Therefore, research on the design of potatoes cleaning and peeler machine and its performance tests were required. The research method used was engineering method. The stages of this research were problem identification, data collection, designing, manufacturing and testing machine. This machine consisted of several components, namely frame unit, cleaning unit and peeler, and transmission unit. The mechanism of this machine was to put the water in and then turn on the motor connected to the brush and put the potato in. The potato will rotate and will hit the brush so that the skin peeled off. When the motor turned off, the faucet can be opened to remove the water. The lid on the tube can be opened to take the potato out. The engine design have a total dimension (1000 x 400 x 400) mm, height and diameter of the tube of 330 mm and 380 mm, using two cleaning brushes on one axis. with theoretical capacity of 152 kg/hour, actual capacity of 60 kg/hour.Keywords: cleaning and peeler machine, potato, cleaning brushABSTRAKKeripik dapat diproduksi dari berbagai macam bahan baku diantaranya kentang. Untuk membuat keripik kentang dalam skala yang besar dibutuhkan sebuah mesin yang dapat memudahkan semua atau salah satu proses pembuatannya. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan penelitian mengenai rancang bangun mesin pembersih dan pengupas kentang serta uji kinerja mesin tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode rekayasa. Tahapan penelitian ini yaitu identifikasi masalah, pengumpulan data, perancangan, pembuatan dan pengujian mesin. Mesin ini terdiri dari beberapa komponen yaitu unit rangka, unit pembersih dan pengupas, dan unit transmisi. Mekanisme kerja dari mesin ini yaitu memasukkan air lalu menyalakan motor yang terhubung dengan sikat lalu memasukkan kentang dimana kentang itu akan beruputar dan akan mengenai sikat sehingga kulit terkupas lalu motor dimatikan. Kran dapat dibuka sehingga air akan keluar, lalu jika tutup pada tabung dibuka, kentang dapat keluar. Hasil dari rancang bangun mesin memiliki total dimensi (1000 x 400 x 400) mm, tinggi dan diameter tabung masing-masing adalah 330 mm dan 380 mm, menggunakan dua buah sikat pembersih pada satu poros dengan kapasitas teoritis sebesar 152 kg/jam, kapasitas aktual sebesar 60 kg/jam,Kata kunci: Mesin pembersih, mesin pengupas kentang, sikat pembersih

Karakter, Dimensi Total Pendidikan/Character, The Total Dimension Of Education

<p class="Abstrak"><strong></strong>Pendidikan adalah dari, untuk dan oleh manusia. Konsep nilai-nilai kesejatian manusia menjadi dasar pendidikan, yang mengarahkan isi, proses dan hasil upaya pendidikan. Upaya pendidikan ini dilakukan melalui kegiatan yang penuh nilai-nilai karakter dengan menegakkan pilar <em>kewibawaan </em>yang bernuansa “sentuhan tingkat tinggi” dan pilar <em>kewiyataan</em> yang mempraktikkan teknologi tingkat tinggi dalam kegiatan belajar dan pembelajaran, yang secara keseluruhan mem-praktikkan strategi transformasional. Seluruh kegiatan pendidikan berisi tiga ranah pengembangan, yaitu ranah sikap (sikap sosial dan religius), pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang secara holistik dan komprehensif penuh dengan nilai-nilai karakter. Di Indonesia, nilai-nilai kesejatian manusia itu dirumuskan dalam bentuk filsafat dan ideologi bangsa dan negara, yaitu Pancasila, yang memberikan dasar dan warna bagi keseluruhan materi undang-undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional Indonesia.</p><p class="Abstrak">Education is from, for and by human being. The concept of the genuine human values becomes the basis of education, and this basis directs the contents, the process and the results of education efforts. This efforts are done in full character condition by uprighting the high touch and high tech pilars of teaching–learning process with the application of transformational strategy. The whole contensts of education consist the substancies in their three domains, i.e. attitude (social and religious attitude), knowledge and skill domains with are holistically and comprehensively full of character values. In Indonesia, the genuine human values is formulated as philosophy and ideology of nation and state, i.e. Pancasila, and gives its significant values in coloring the whole substances of Indonesian National Education System law.</p>

Compact Triple-Band MIMO Antenna with High Isolation for Handheld Application

A structure, the proposed MIMO antenna is compact in size and designed on FR4 substrate with total dimension of 37 x 43.6 x 6 m3. At first, a single PIFA antenna is presented using U-shaped slots in radiating patch which puts forward the antenna resonant in three frequencies: 2.4GHz, 3.5GHz and 6.3GHz with bandwidth of 8.87%, 18.29.% and 2.53 % respectively for Wi-Fi, Wimax/LTE and Direct Broadcast Satellite DBS of C channel applications. Good reflection coefficient, antenna gain, and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained in the frequency band of interest. Secondly, the paper has put forward another single type of tri-band PIFA which uses double rectangular shape of Defected Ground Structure (DGS) technology. This helps increasing the antenna efficiency at all frequencies as well as enhancing antenna gain of the PIFA. Finally, a MIMO PIFA antenna is constructed by placing two single antennas side by side at close distance of 4 mm. The MIMO antenna also gets high gain and radiation efficiency at all frequencies. To reduce the mutual coupling between antenna elements, a combination of two “slot and variation” structures of DGS is proposed. Moreover, these DGS structures have enhanced MIMO antenna bandwidth at all three bands, especially at 3.5GHz resonant frequency.

Semi-continuity for total dimension divisors of étale sheaves

In this paper, we extend an inequality that compares the pull-back of the total dimension divisor of an étale sheaf and the total dimension divisor of the pull-back of the sheaf due to Saito. Using this formula, we generalize Deligne and Laumon’s lower semi-continuity property for Swan conductors of étale sheaves on relative curves to higher relative dimensions in a geometric situation.