Simultaneous Quantification of Pharmacologically Active Alkaloid Metabolites Colchicine and Gloriosine in Gloriosa Superba L. collected from Western Ghats (India) and Adjoining Areas for the Identification of Elite Chemotype(s)

Background G. superba is a valuable Ayurvedic medicinal plant and has high demand in world market for its colchicine content, which is used in Gout. Objective The study aims 1) to record the metabolic variations in major bioactive metabolites, colchicine and gloriosine in the natural populations of Gloriosa superba from Western Ghats and adjoining areas in India and 2) to develop HPTLC protocol for the identification of elite chemotypes of species and regulation of quality raw material, extract and finished material. Method Simultaneous quantification of colchicine and gloriosine in 22 natural populations through validated HPTLC as per ICH guidelines. Results The colchicine and gloriosine were identified at Rf 0.51 ± 0.03 and, 0.41 ± 0.05 and the content varies from 0.021 to 0.86% and, 0.003 to 0.198%. The method was found linear at a concentration range of 0.1 to 0.7 µg/spot, LOD (3.3 σ/S) and LOQ (10 σ/S) was 0.71 and 2.16 µg/spot. The method was precise in concentration range of 100–300 ng/spot, with 98.29% and 101.12% recovery (% RSD) for colchicine and gloriosine. Subsequently, four elite chemotypes were identified based on cluster analysis of metabolite content. Conclusion The developed HPTLC method is linear, accurate, precise, and robust for simultaneous quantification of colchicine and gloriosine metabolite(s). Intra-specific metabolic variation was significant among the collected population, leads to identification of four elite chemotypes. Highlights Colchicine, an industrially viable metabolite and therefore it is quintessential to develop an economical analytical method to regulate the quality of raw material, extract and finished products.

PSX-31 Late-Breaking Abstract: Improving the DNA database of genotypes using SNP markers for locally bred cattle in Kazakhstan

ICAR is recommending to use at least 14 STR loci or at least 100 SNP markers for cattle parentage verification recommended by ISAG. The existing database of genotyped DNA samples of meat and dairy breeds allows us to take into account not only microsatellite STR DNA loci, but since 2016 allows us to register data according to the results of studies of SNP markers. These works were supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Kazakhstan under the grant project 1891 / GF4. The aim of the work was to study SNP in DNA for parentage verification of cattle. The following tasks have been implemented: 1) collect biological material, extract at least 1,000 DNA and conduct genotyping of DNA samples; 2) to test parentage verification and develop a database of SNPs for local cattle. 1,858 DNA samples were extracted using Stock Marks kits from Applied Biosystems. DNA testing was carried out at the Laboratory of Animal Genetics at the University of Queensland (Australia) and at the Neogen Laboratory (USA). Calculation of the reliability of parentage verification for 1067 animals was carried out automatically in the IAS system (www.plem.kz; table 1). The subbase “Database of SNPs for DNAs of local cattle” was developed, which includes up to 245 SNP markers and is filled with DNA indicators from 1,858 breeding animals. The studies conducted allowed the use of contemporary biotechnological methods with domestic breeds of beef cattle and for the first time to use the new method in breeding work with meat breeds. Already today, the created and updated database of genotyped DNA samples of beef and dairy breeds with an integrated program for calculating the reliability of livestock origin allows farmers to conduct breeding at a new higher level and meet international requirements for breeding animals (Zh.Tleulenov et al, 2017).

The Analysis of n-Alkane Hydrocarbons in the Sediment around the Coast of Makassar Using Mopi Indicator

This study aims to determine the content of n-alkanes in the sediment around the coast of Makassar using the MOPI (Marine Oil Pollution Index) indicator. The method includes the sediment sampling from nine different stations with the Phleger Corer Sampler in gravimetric analysis to identify the concentration of organic material extract and aliphatic fraction. To identify the characteristic of n-alkane hydrocarbons, gas chromatography of mass spectra method was applied. The results of the aliphatic fraction (F1) analysis of the coastal sediments which were contaminated with low biogenic - petrogenic have a MOPI scores of 3, which is supported by a high UCM (Unresolved Complex Mixture) and n-alkane identified between C1-C44. While the sediments that come from natural processes, pure - biogenic and biogenic, have MOPI scores ​​between 1 and 2. This is supported by the chromatogram profile with an area of ​​UCM generally smaller by n-alkanes identified between C15-C58

Electoplating plants’ wastewater treatment from copper ions with a modified carbonaceous slurry

The article presents a technique of the granulated sorption material production based on the chemical water treatment slurry. The sorption has been studied in statical and dynamic conditions. The sorption effectiveness by copper ions was 90.5 %. The isotherm of adsorption and a curve of adsorption in dynamic conditions of cations of copper has been plotted by the granulated material. During the experiment the dynamic exchange capacity, full exchange capacity of the granulated material has been determined. The filtrate quality indicators in water passage through sorption material loads in accordance with MPC of domestic drinking and recreational purposes water bodies. The granulated sorption material extract was tested for acute lethal toxicity for Poecilia Reticulate Peters fish and Daphnia Magna Crustacea. The obtained results affirmed that the granulated sorption material was not practically hazardous and did not bring secondary pollution to wastewaters. The authors have presented a technological scheme of electroplating wastewaters ion-exchange treatment.

Evaluation of In Vitro Antidandruff Activity of Biotransformed Material (Extract) of Nicotiana tabacum Leaves

The methods of preparing new derivatives of known substrates were applied to modify organic compounds like Carbohydrates, steroids, sterols, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, antibiotics, amino acids etc. Such alteration encompasses many changes in the substrate moiety by the addition, degradation or modification. When basic structure of resultant molecule remains unaltered, the microbial biotransformation can be applied for formation of desired derivatives of precursor. <strong>Aim:</strong> To determine the<em> in-vitro</em> anti-dandruff activity of biotransformed material of <em>Nicotiana tabacum</em> leaves. <strong>Material and Method:</strong> The collected leaves about 200 g were macerated in cow urine (1 L) for time period of 28 days. After the completion of this time period, the biotransformed material was harvested, lyophilized and powdered (20 g). Regular aqueous extract of the leaves was also prepared for comparative study. Various concentrations, such as 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 500 mg/ml, of aq. extract and biotransformed material of Nicotiana tabacum leaves were prepared and tested for <em>in vitro</em> anti dandruff activity using strain of <em>Malassezia</em> (Pityrosporum) <em>furfur</em> and compared with marketed ayurvedic, homoepathic and allopathic (Ketoconazole 2 %) formulations.<strong> Result:</strong> The regular extract and the biotransformed material were screened for phytochemicals. It showed the presence of alkaloids, prominently. The strains responsible for the biotransformation process were also evaluated and identified as <em>Bacillus licheniformis</em> and <em>Bacillus megaterium</em>. The biotransformed material of <em>Nicotiana tabacum</em> leaves shows promising effect against <em>Malassezia</em> (Pityrosporum) <em>furfur</em>, in terms of zone of inhibition of about 7 mm at 100 mg/ml 26 mm at 500 mg /ml, respectively. The results were found promising as compared to the regular aqueous extract, marketed formulations including Ketoconazole 2 % preparation. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The study shows the improved potential of the cow urine biotransformed material over the normal extract of the same plant. It was evident that the dandruff growth was significantly inhibited by treatment with biotransformed material. Hence, <em>in vitro</em> studies of microbial biotransformed <em>Nicotiana tabacum</em> leaves was found to have a potential anti-dandruff activity between 100 mg/ml to 500 mg/ml, compared with its aqueous extract, marketed ayurvedic, homoepathic and allopathic formulations.

POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN DAN BUAH Excoecaria agallocha L. TERHADAP HAMA Crocidolomia pavonana F. PADA TANAMAN SAWI PUTIH

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of the extracts of leaves and fruit E. agallocha, to the larvae of C. pavonana mortality and to determine the right concentration / dosage extracts of leaves and fruits E. agallocha in controlling of pests C. pavonana. This research was carried out by several phases: 1) exploration of the source plant material extract; 2) Preparation of feed crops; 3) Taking a test insect; 4) Extraction of plant material source extract; and 5) Extracts application. This research was conducted at Plantation Rurukan Village sub district of East Tomohon, Tomohon city for taking the testing insects and feed maintenance ; Laboratory of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, for the extraction of plant material and extracts application in Tomohon and exploration of extracts of plant material sources in the Rerer village sub district of Kombi, District of Minahasa. The results of the Research are leaves and fruit extract E. agallocha can cause mortality of larvae of C. pavonana. With symptoms of larval mortality after treatment of leaves and fruit extracts of E. agalloca lanta is the larvae colored in yellowish pale then turned into brown to black. E. agalloca leaves and fruit has potential as an ingredient vegetable insecticides to control larvae of C. pavonana with concentration at the level of 0.04% is good at treatment leaf extract and fruit extract treatment as well. Key words: extract E. agallocha, pests C. pavonana, white mustard plants