Is Mass Housing Increase or Decrease Symbolic Cultural Diversity? An Emperical Investigation

Housing is one of basic needs in modern society driven by the population growth and limited land resource. Housing for low-income segment has minimum standard features which difficult personalization. Nevertheless, people have means to create personal identity symbol on facade material to show personalization in the simplest way. Purpose of this research is to investigate diversity symbol type created by housing resident despite personalization limited constraint. Transdiciplinary housing theory (Salama et al, 2017) is served as basic framework of this research. Observations conducted in five housing in Palembang discover fewer collectivism symbols and many individualism symbols. Thus author revised the transdiciplinary model and create housing social architecture model for better descriptions on how housing dweller responses to housing architecture and defines their cultural identity. Instead of tune down culture symbolism, mass housing exhibits more basic roots of this symbolism.

PERILAKU FONOLOGI KONSONAN DI AKHIR KATA DIALEK PETANI SIK[THE PHONOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF WORD-FINAL CONSONANTS IN THE PETANI SIK DIALECT]

Kajian ini mendeskripsikan perilaku fonologi konsonan yang berada di akhir kata dalam dialek Petani Sik yang dituturkan di daerah Sik, Kedah, Malaysia. Terdapat beberapa fenomena fonologi yang berlaku di akhir kata dalam dialek Petani Sik, Kedah lantaran sekatan ke atas kehadiran sesetengah konsonan di posisi dalam dialek ini. Data kajian telah diperoleh melalui kajian rintis, soal selidik serta kajian lapangan yang melibatkan pemerhatian dan rakaman. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di Kampung Telaga Batu, Sik, Kedah dengan memilih 30 penutur natif yang berumur antara 45 hingga 75 tahun. Hasil analisis menunjukkan konsonan /r/, /l/, /s/, /m/ dan /h/ tidak dibenarkan hadir di akhir kata dalam dialek Petani Sik. Kehadiran konsonan-konsonan ini telah ditangani dengan proses fonologi seperti peleburan, penggantian, penyisipan dan pengguguran. Penggantian konsonan /s/ kepada [ç] yang didahului oleh vokal tinggi dan /s/ kepada [h] yang didahului oleh vokal /a/ serta diikuti oleh penyisipan [j] sebelum konsonan tersebut merupakan output dialek Petani Sik yang paling menarik khusunya bunyi [ç]. Kehadirannya dalam dialek-dialek Melayu sangat terhad hanya kepada dialek Kedah Utara dan tidak wujud dalam bahasa Melayu standard. Kemunculannya yang terbatas ini menjadi lambang identiti unik dalam dialek Kedah khususnya dialek Petani Sik. Penelitian proses fonologi di akhir kata dalam dialek Petani Sik memberi implikasi sebagai nilai tambah kepada kajian terdahulu selain sebagai perintis ke arah penyelidikan ilmiah yang memelihara dan mendokumentasikan sistem nahu sebuah dialek Melayu yang semakin kurang penuturnya.Kata kunci: Bahasa Melayu, dialek Kedah, dialek Petani Sik, fonologi, konsonan akhir kata. ABSTRACTThis study describes the phonological behaviour of word-final consonants in the Petani Sik dialect spoken in the Sik region of Kedah, Malaysia. There are a number of phonological phenomena which occur at word-final position in the Petani Sik dialect due to restriction on the presence of consonants at this position of word. Data for this study were obtained through pilot study, questionnaire and fieldwork which included observation and recording. Data gathering at Kampung Telaga Batu, Sik, Kedah was carried out involving 30 native speakers aged between 45 and 75 years. The findings show that consonants /r/, /l/, /s/, /m/ and /h/ are not allowed to occur at word-final position in the Petani Sik dialect. The occurrence of these consonants has been resolved by the phonological processes namely coalescence, substitution, epenthesis and deletion. The substitution consonant from /s/ to [ç] which is preceded by a high vowel and from /s/ to [h] before /a/ which is then followed by the epenthesis [j] before the consonant are the most interesting outputs yielded from the dialect particularly the [ç]sound. Its presence in Malay dialects is limited only for the North Kedah dialect. It also does not exist in the standard Malay. The limited presence of this sound is interesting as it represents a unique identity symbol for Kedah dialect particularly Petani Sik dialect. This study contributes to the phonological knowledge in the dialect and it documents the grammar of a Malay dialect which now has less speakers.Keywords: Kedah dialect, Malay language, Petani Sik dialect, phonology, word-final position.Cite as: Salam, N. S. & Syed Jaafar, S. R. (2019). Perilaku fonologi konsonan di akhir kata dialek petani Sik. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(1), 316-343. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss1pp316-343

The Narrative of Identity in the Coverage of Aceh’s Flag

After the governor of Aceh signed the Bylaw no 3/2013 on Aceh’s flag and symbol, the dispute between the local government of Aceh and the government of Indonesia over the adoption of the former separatist group’s flag as the provincial flag erupted. Unlike other studies investigating the way media frame the dispute, the study aims to examine how Serambi Indonesia, the most prominent newspapers in Aceh, used symbolic language in the Aceh’s flag coverage to give meaning to a collective identity within Acehnese society as a flag is regarded as an identity symbol. The sample of news articles was gathered from http://aceh.tribunnews.com within the period from December 2012 to May 2013. The total of 17 news articles was analysed with Gamson and Modigliani’s framing devices. Findings reveal that Serambi Indonesia delivered a conciliatory representation of Acehnese political identity by using flag metaphors, nationalist exemplars, middle ground catchphrases, and ethnocentric depictions.

A identidade europeia e o euro: análise comparativa da moeda como um símbolo identitário nos anos 2002 e 2014/The European identity and the Euro

Este artigo pretende estabelecer a correlação entre o Euro e a construção de uma identidade europeia como um processo de mão dupla, em que ambos os lado se influenciam mutuamente, bem como analisar a função da moeda comum como um símbolo identitário em dois anos distintos: em 2002, logo após o início da circulação do Euro; e em 2014, quando ainda é possível notar os efeitos da crise de 2008 e do alargamento da união monetária ao leste europeu. Em primeiro lugar, será exposto um breve quadro teórico sobre os estudos de integração europeia, destacando-se a importância da questão da identidade para melhor compreensão do processo como um todo. Em segundo lugar, serão elencadas algumas características da construção da identidade europeia com base nos resultados de estudos sobre o tema, especialmente com foco nas pesquisas coordenadas por Thomas Risse. Em terceiro lugar, será apresentado um histórico sobre o processo de construção da União Econômica e Monetária, culminando com a introdução do Euro, e realizar-se-á uma análise comparativa baseada nos dados das pesquisas de opinião do Eurobarometer sobre as percepções em relação à moeda comum em 2002 e em 2014, ressaltando-se os contextos de cada ano. Por fim, serão apontados alguns comentários conclusivos sobre o Euro como um símbolo identitário da União Europeia. Palavras-chave: identidade europeia, Euro, União Europeia. Abstract: This article aims to establish the correlation between the Euro and the construction of a European identity as a two-way process, in which both sides influence each other, and to analyze the role of the common currency as an identity symbol in two different years: in 2002, just after the start of the circulation of the Euro; and in 2014, when it is still possible to note the effects of the 2008 crisis and the extension of the monetary union to Eastern Europe. Firstly, a brief theoretical framework about the study of the European integration highlighting the importance of the identity question to better understand the process as a whole will be exposed. Secondly, some characteristics of the European identity construction based on the results of studies on the subject, specially focusing on the research coordinated by Thomas Risse, will be listed. Thirdly, the background of the construction process of the Economic and Monetary Union culminating with the introduction of the Euro will be presented, and a comparative analysis based on data from Eurobarometer opinion surveys on perceptions of the common currency in 2002 and 2014 will be carried out, highlighting the contexts of each year. Finally, some concluding comments will be appointed on the Euro as an identity symbol of the European Union.Key words: European identity, Euro, European Union.

DECIDABILITY OF INDEPENDENCE-FRIENDLY MODAL LOGIC

In this paper we consider an independence-friendly modal logic, IFML. It follows from results in the literature that qua expressive power, IFML is a fragment of second-order existential logic, $\Sigma _1^1$, that cannot be translated into first-order logic. It is also known that IFML lacks the tree structure property. We show that IFML has the ‘truncated structure property’, a weaker version of the tree structure property, and that its satisfiability problem is solvable in 2NEXP. This implies that this paper reveals a new decidable fragment of $\Sigma _1^1$. We also show that IFML becomes undecidable if we add the identity symbol to its vocabulary by means of a reduction from the tiling problem.

Modal formulas are either elementary or not ΣΔ-elementary

In this paper we prove that if L is a set of modal propositional formulas then FR(L) (the class of all frames in which every formula of L holds) is elementary, Δ-elementary or not ΣΔ-elementary. For single modal formulas the second of these cases does not occur.The model theoretic terminology and results used here are from [1]. (The underlying first order language contains only one, binary, predicate letter in addition to the identity symbol.) We presuppose familiarity with the usual notions and notations of propositional modal logic. A structure for our first order language is called a frame. (So a frame is an ordered couple 〈W, R〉 with domain W and R a binary predicate on W, i.e. a subset of W × W.) A valuation V on F is a function from the set of proposition letters to the power set of W. Using the well-known Kripke truth definition V can be extended to a function from the set of all modal propositional formulas to the power set of W. A modal propositional formula φ holds in a frame F (= 〈W, R〉) if, for all V on F, V(φ) = W. Notation: FR(φ) for the class of all frames in which φ holds. For a set L of modal propositional formulas we define FR(L) as ⋂φ∈LFR(φ). Obviously both FR(L) and cFR(L) (the complement of FR(L)) are closed under isomorphisms.