EXPERT POSSIBILITIES OF FORENSIC CYTOLOGY INVESTIGATION IN FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF MATERIAL EVIDENCE

The article presents the history of the development and implementation of forensic cytological research methods in the practice of conducting forensic examinations of material evidence in the forensic examination bureau of Ukraine. The modern possibilities of forensic cytology methods for solving investigative issues in solving crimes against human life and health are shown in the article. Due to the fact, that the object of study of expert cytologists and expert geneticists is the same substance, namely, nuclear cells of different tissues and organs, blood leukocytes, epithelial cells of saliva, vagina, rectum, sperm, and cells of the outer root vagina hair – forensic cytological studies necessitate the preservation of nuclear cells for further genetic analysis. To this end, the staff of the Forensic Cytology Department of the Main Bureau of Forensic Examination developed a method for the preparation of cytological preparations using an ultrasonic water bath, which allows increasing the number of cellular elements extracted. At the same time, the specialists of the Odesa Regional Bureau of Forensic Examination introduced a technique for conducting molecular genetic analysis of nucleated cells in cytological preparations. Such techniques allow, even with a very small amount of biomaterial, to answer most of the questions posed by the investigator to the expert.

Minerals and Total Polyphenolic Content of Some Vegetal Powders

The total polyphenolic content and minerals were determined for chia seeds, Psyllium husks and watermelon rind powder. The minerals content was performed by using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emissions Spectrometer and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, technique FIAS-Furnace (for Se). The sample with the highest content of polyphenols was chia (2.69 mg GAE/g s.) followed by the watermelon rind powder. Reduced amounts of polyphenols were found in the Psyllium husks. Also, the total polyphenol concentration increased with the increase of the extraction time on the ultrasonic water bath. Minerals analysis indicated that powders obtained from chia seeds and watermelon rind contained large amounts of potassium, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. The most abundant mineral in the Psyllium husks powder was found potassium, followed by calcium. In conclusion, these powders can be used as ingredients for functional food and food supplements production due to the high nutritional content and bioactive properties.