A Validated SPE-UPLC-DAD Method for Quantification of Parabens in Industrial Waste Effluent Water Samples by Using Activated Carbon Nanofiber Modified Filter Paper

The present work describes a sensitive, simple, cost-effective and fast analytical procedure to detect the parabens in industrial waste effluent water samples using novel activated carbon nanofiber (CNF) modified filter paper based solid phase extraction technique coupled with liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (UPLC-PDA). The carbon nanofiber coated filter paper was used as an adsorbent and also characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed superior porous structure. Various factors effecting the adsorption and desorption process were studied. The optimum parameters which improve the efficiency are paper length 1 cm × 2 cm, adsorption time 15 min, eluent methanol, eluent volume 5 mL, sample pH 7, desorption time 2 min, 2% salt addition and 300 rpm stirring rate respectively. The parabens exhibited superior linearity ranging from 0.1-50 ng mL-1. The regression coefficient (R2) value ranging from 0.9981-0.9989. This method exhibited good sensitivity with the quantification limit (LOQ) between 0.5-0.75 ng mL-1 and detection limit (LOD) over the range of 0.1-0.25 ng mL-1. The precision was expressed from the RSDs values from 0.74-0.97 %. The spiked analytes revealed excellent recoveries in the range of 95.30-116.72 % with RSD less than 5.72 % for all the water samples also applied for real samples.

Delineation of radionuclide bioaccumulation in golden horn, Istanbul, using bioindicator mussel passive monitoring and transplantation

The Golden Horn estuary in the centre of Istanbul, has been exposed to many pollutants from domestic and industrial waste effluent during the second half of the 20th century. In this study, Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) was seasonally collected from eight sites in the Golden Horn estuary, Istanbul to determine the bioaccumulation of 137Cs, 40K, 210Po, and 210Pb between 2013 and 2014. The averages activity concentrations of 137Cs, 40K, 210Po, and 210Pb were determined to be 1.36, 463, 91.64, and 11.51 Bqkg-1 at dry weight, respectively. Mussel samples were also transplanted between the middle and lower part of the estuary to investigate variations in the levels of radionuclides over the course of the year. Higher concentrations were observed except for 210Po, compared with their initial concentrations in the transplanted mussels. Besides, the average and range annual effective ingestion dose values were calculated to be 11.96 and 2.23-34.45 ?Sv due to 210Po through consumption of mussels from the Golden Horn. According to obtained dose levels, there is no health risk in terms of 210Po consumption of mussels.