Understanding the Logic of Climate Change Adaptation: Unpacking Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation by Smallholder Farmers in Chimanimani District, Zimbabwe

Smallholder farmers in Chimanimani District, Zimbabwe, have grappled for a long time with the effects of climate change despite the locally and externally driven resilience-building initiatives in place. This paper adopts a qualitative approach to explore the encountered adaptation barriers. Smallholder farmers, Agricultural Technical and Extension Services (AGRITEX) officers, and the traditional leadership fraternity were randomly selected from the district’s 22 rural wards as study participants. Data were solicited using focus group discussions and face-to-face interviews that were corroborated by researcher observation methods. The data were analysed using thematic content analysis of key perspectives drawn from smallholder farmers, traditional leaders, and extension officers who work with farmers. What was unveiled is an assortment of barrier dynamics related to climate, finance, infrastructure, generational change, water resources, inefficient bureaucracy, gender inequality, and health barriers. Vensim PLE 7.3 software was used to illustrate barrier components as they act together to cripple smallholder farmers’ efforts to raise their adaptive capacity. Adaptation barriers are complex and, therefore, cannot be addressed using policies that are fragmented. The paper recommends a multidimensional approach by policy makers to analyse adaptive barriers to build more climate resilience within smallholder farmer communities.

How do parents deal with their children’s chronic kidney disease? A qualitative study for identifying factors related to parent’s adaptation

Background Parents’ adaptation affects the health outcomes of children with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Identifying factors that affect parents’ adaptation is necessary to understand their adaptation status. This study aims to explore factors related to the adaptation of parents who have children with CKD. Methods This was a qualitative study with a content analysis approach. Seventeen parents of children with CKD were selected by using purposive sampling. The leading researcher performed semi-structured, in-depth, face-to-face interviews to collect data. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze data. Results Two main categories extracted from the data were “adaptation facilitators” and “adaptation barriers.” Adaptation facilitators were supported by three sub-categories: “social support”, “family capability” and “spiritual beliefs”. Four sub-categories of “adaptation barriers” were revealed as: “family-related barriers,” “mental stress by others,” “the chronic nature of the disease,” and “unfavorable treatment conditions.” Conclusions Identifying the factors influencing parental adaptation helps the medical staff to make the necessary interventions to support the parents. According to this study, increasing parent access to the required information, supporting them financially and emotionally, and helping them identify support resources can facilitate their adaptation to their child’s chronic illness. Also, identifying and eliminating adaptation barriers can help parents deal better with their child’s chronic disease.

How do parents deal with their children's chronic kidney disease? A qualitative study for identifying factors related to parent's adaptation

Background: Parents’ adaptation affects the health outcomes of children with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Identifying factors that affect parents’ adaptation is necessary to understand their adaptation status. This study aims to explore factors related to the adaptation of parents who have children with CKD.Methods: This was a qualitative study with a content analysis approach. Seventeen parents of children with CKD were selected by using purposive sampling. The leading researcher performed semi-structured, in-depth, face-to-face interviews to collect data. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze data.Results: Two main categories extracted from the data were “adaptation facilitators” and “adaptation barriers.” Adaptation facilitators were supported by three sub-categories: "social support", "family capability" and "spiritual beliefs". Four sub-categories of “adaptation barriers” were revealed as: “family-related barriers,” “mental stress by others,” “the chronic nature of the disease,” and “unfavorable treatment conditions.”Conclusions: Identifying the factors influencing parental adaptation helps the medical staff to make the necessary interventions to support the parents. According to this study, increasing parent access to the required information, supporting them financially and emotionally, and helping them identify support resources can facilitate their adaptation to their child's chronic illness. Also, identifying and eliminating adaptation barriers can help parents deal better with their child’s chronic disease.

How do parents deal with their children's chronic kidney disease? A qualitative study for identifying factors related to parent's adaptation

Background: Parents’ adaptation affects the health outcomes of children with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Identifying factors that affect parents’ adaptation is necessary to understand their adaptation status. This study aims to explore factors related to the adaptation of parents who have children with CKD. Methods: This was a qualitative study with a content analysis approach. Seventeen parents of children with CKD were selected by using purposive sampling. One of the researchers performed semi-structured, in-depth, face-to-face interviews to collect data. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze data. Results: Two main categories extracted from the data were “adaptation facilitators” and “adaptation barriers.” Adaptation facilitators supported by three sub-categories: “social support,” “family capability,” “spiritual beliefs.” Four sub-categories of “adaptation barriers” were revealed as follows: “family-related barrier,” “mental stress by others,” “the chronic nature of the disease,” and “unfavorable treatment conditions.” Conclusions: Identifying the factors influencing parental adaptation helps the medical staff to make the necessary interventions to support the parents. According to this study, increasing parent access to the required information, supporting them financially and emotionally, and helping them identify support resources can facilitate their adaptation to their child's chronic illness. Also, identifying and eliminating adaptation barriers can help parents deal better with their child’s chronic disease.

How do parents deal with their children’s chronic kidney disease? A qualitative study

Background: Parents’ adaptation has an impact on the health outcomes of children with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Identifying factors that affect parents’ adaptation is necessary to fully understand their adaptation status. This study aims to explore parents’ adaptation with their child chronic disease and to determine related factors.Methods: This was a qualitative study with a content analysis approach. Sixteen parents of children with CKD were selected by using the purposive sampling. The nursing PhD candidate performed semi-structured in-depth face-to-face interviews to collect data. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze data.Results: Two main categories were extracted from the data were “adaptation facilitators” and “adaptation barriers”. Adaptation facilitators supported by three sub-categories: “social support”, “positive aspects of life”, “spiritual beliefs”. Five sub-categories of “adaptation barriers” were revealed as follows: “parents’ confusion”, “the disease related issues”, “pressures from peers and acquaintances”, “inappropriate treatment conditions” and “children and family limitation”.Conclusions: Two types of factors that influence parents’ adaptation were identified. The treatment team must evaluate these factors to help parents to adapt to their child’s illness by identifying and eliminating the adaptation barriers, and identifying and using the adaptation facilitators.