Purification and Structural Characterization of Sulfated Polysaccharides Derived from Brown Algae, Sargassum binderi: Inhibitory Mechanism of iNOS and COX-2 Pathway Interaction

Among the components derived from brown algae, anionic sulfated polysaccharides, which contain sulfated fucose as the major monosaccharide, exert significant biological activities. In this study, we purified and structurally characterized sulfated polysaccharides from brown algae, Sargassum binderi (S. binderi; SBPs), and evaluated their biological activity in vitro and in vivo. The SBPs were separated based on their charges and their biophysical properties were investigated according to their functional groups, structural features, and molecular weights using FTIR, NMR, and MALS. Among all the SBPs, Fraction 4 (SBP-F4), with an average molecular weight of 2.867 × 105 g/mol, had the highest polysaccharide and sulfate contents (75.15 ± 0.25% and 24.08 ± 0.18%, respectively). The biological activities of SBP-F4 were investigated further in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that SBP-F4 significantly suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins in LPS-activated macrophages. Moreover, in the LPS-treated zebrafish model, a significant decrease in cell death and NO production was observed. Collectively, these results show that SBPs not only exert protective effects against LPS-induced cytotoxicity but also inhibit the activation and anti-inflammatory activity of macrophages. Therefore, polysaccharides derived from S. binderi are potential anti-inflammatory agents for use in clinical settings.

Formulation and activity test of extract seaweed lip balm (sargassum binderi) and oil kenanga ( cananga oil ) as lip moisturizer

Cosmetics are preparations or combination of ingredients that ready to be used on the outside of body such as epidermis, hair, nails, lips, teeth and oral cavity. It has a function to clean, increase the attractiveness, change the appearance and protect it to keep the condition in a good state, improve body odor but not intended to cure a disease. The extraction method used to obtain seaweed extract is the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. The test method for hydration test uses TEWL within the Derma lab combo tool. Meanwhile, the hedonic test used 20 panelists to determine the level of suitability in lip balm preparations. This Research is about formulation and activity test of seaweed extract (Sargassum binderi) and sunflower oil kenaga (Cananga oil) as lip moisturizer. The purpose of this study was to utilize natural ingredients and determine the evaluation of lipbalm from seaweed and cananga flower oil which has a function to increase the moisture level of lip. The formulation of lipbalm was made by three concentrations, formulation 1, formulation 2 and formulation 3. Evaluation was done to test the skin irritation, skin hydration and hedonic test. The method of skin hydration helps to enhancer and moisture the skin by TEWL (transepodermal water loss) tool of derma lab combo. The result of this research showed that all the formulas does not irritate the skin, moisturize and preferred by the panelists. In the third formula, it has a result to increase the humidity of skin within the high significant differences among the three formulas.

PENGARUH WAKTU DAN PELARUT EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid) PADA EKSTRAKSI FUKOIDAN DARI RUMPUT LAUT COKELAT Sargassum binderi Sonder

Rumput laut cokelat memiliki beragam polisakarida yang terkandung di dalamnya. Salah satu polisakarida dari rumput laut cokelat yang diketahui memiliki bioaktivitas yang tinggi adalah fukoidan. Banyak penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa bioaktivitas dari fukoidan antara lain mampu menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker, anti koagulan, anti virial, dan sebagai immunostimulan. Mengisolasi fukoidan dari rumput laut cokelat telah banyak dilakukan dengan beragam cara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh waktu dan konsentrasi pelarut EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) pada proses ekstraksi dan karakteristik fukoidan dari rumput laut cokelat jenis Sargassum binderi Sonder. Konsentrasi pelarut yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebesar 0,15% ; 0,3%: 0,5%; 1%; dan 1,3% serta waktu ekstraksi selama 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam, 4 jam, dan 5 jam. Perbandingan rumput laut dan air adalah 1:30 dengan suhu ekstraksi dilakukan pada 70˚C. Dalam penelitian ini didapatkan yield crude fucoidan terbesar pada waktu ekstraksi 4 jam dan konsentrasi pelarut 1,3% yaitu sebesar 3,67%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kandungan total gula dari ekstrak fukoidan dengan yield terbesar didapatkan sebesar 36,48% dan kandungan sulfat sebesar 17,16%.