How Can Advance Care Planning Support Hope in Patients with Advanced Cancer and Their Families: A Qualitative Study as Part of the International ACTION Trial

Purpose: Clinicians’ fears of taking away patients’ hope is one of the barriers to advance care planning (ACP). Barriers to ACP were extensively studied, however, research on how advance care planning potentially supports hope is scarce. The concept of hope in the terminally ill is context-specific and difficult to operationalize. This study aimed to explore aspects of hope supported by structured ACP conversations.Methods: In an international qualitative study using in-depth interviews we explored ACP experiences of patients with advanced cancer and their personal representatives (PRs) within the cluster-randomized control ACTION trial. An established sensitizing concept of hope in terminal illness (with several themes such as facilitating control, interpersonal relationships etc.) served as a point of reference in identifying attributes of hope supported by ACP conversations. A thematic analysis was performed on segments of text relevant to answer the research question.Results: Twenty patients with advanced lung or colorectal cancer and 17 personal representatives from Italy, the Netherlands, Slovenia and the United Kingdom were interviewed after participation in structured ACP conversations. Three potential mechanisms through which hope may be supported were recognized for patients and their PRs: (I) achieving a greater sense of empowerment for the future; (II) experiencing participation in ACP conversations as an act of mutual care; (III) strengthening shared confidence and partnership. In addition, our results suggest that participants’ hopes for cure or longevity persist after ACP conversations. Conclusion: We identified various potentially hope supporting mechanisms of ACP conversations cultivating agency, mutuality and interdependency between people involved.

An Islamic Perspective on Peaceful Coexistence

According to Abrahamic religions, namely Judaism, Christianity and Islam, human beings exist on the earth for a common purpose, and they have patrilineally and matrilineally descended from a single couple, namely Adam and Hawa (Eve). The Qur’an unambiguously mentions: “O mankind! reverence your Guardian-Lord, who created you from a single person, created, of like nature, His mate, and from them twain scattered (like seeds) countless men and women; reverence Allah, through whom ye demand your mutual (rights), and (reverence) the wombs (That bore you): for Allah ever watches over you.” Thus, it is incumbent upon human beings to live together in peace rather than constant hostility to fulfil the purpose of their existence on the earth. This paper endeavours to contribute to the understanding of the concept of ‘peaceful coexistence’ from the Islamic perspective. It specifically answers the following research questions: What is peaceful coexistence? What is necessary for peaceful coexistence? What are the fundamental principles that we must adhere to in order to coexist peacefully? The paper is structured into eight sections, beginning with introduction on the concept of ‘peace’ in Islam. The second section focuses on the main objectives of Islam. The third section is on the meaning of peaceful coexistence. The fourth and fifth sections are on the need for peaceful coexistence, and the necessary requirements and tools for peaceful coexistence respectively. The sixth section is on categorization of peaceful coexistence into: peaceful coexistence in marriage, peaceful coexistence of mankind, peaceful coexistence of the members of the Muslim ummah and peaceful coexistence of mankind and the environment. The seventh section is a summary of the Islamic principles of peaceful coexistence. The final section sums up the main conclusions drawn from this study. The translation of the ayat (verses) of the Qur’an related to this study is extracted from the work of Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’an: Text and Translation unless stated otherwise. At the end of this paper, it is hoped that the readers will: first, appreciate the message of Islam as a universal religion and the need for mutual care, mutual respect, and mutual cooperation; and second, explore the methodology of the Qur’an and the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in managing human diversity. It is also hoped that this study will lead to a better understanding of peaceful coexistence as an integral part of Islam and one of the characteristics of the Muslim ummah. The findings of this study highlight the role of Islam in promoting peace and security. The study reveals that peaceful coexistence is a key factor in the success of human beings and it requires nurturing love, respect, care, and salam (a greeting of peace) in one’s relationship with others.

RZYMIANIE I ICH PRAWO. INSTYTUCJE SPOŁECZEŃSTWA NIEEGALITARNEGO

Roman authors demonstrated this hierarchy-oriented approach already when talking about the very establishment of Rome by Romulus, who divided then the foundational community into social orders of patricians and plebeians. Rome begins not with the individuals entering into a kind of social contract but with the pre-existing community. This community is granted with new identity with establishment of a specific order, that allowed addressing all the needs of the community and provided it with significant potential for expansion. Both social orders were burdened with the duties of mutual care and the specific duties towards Roman community itself. Therefore, the social relationships were understood in terms of duties and not rights. In order to provide for proper functioning of this social system, special institutions were established. Among others, that were described, particular attention was paid to Censors being in charge of supervising appropriate moral conduct of the citizens. The Censors exercised control over the way in which the citizens performed their moral duties, i.e. whether they have been observing mores (socially accepted patterns of conduct) in social life. Requirements stemming from the mores depended on the social position, and the higher the social position was, the greater were the requirements towards a given citizen. Censors could punish a citizen who had violated mores, with a censor’s note (nota censoria). The effect of the censor’s note were diverse and could entail severe consequences ending with exclusion from the community which resulted in deprivation of citizenship (capitis deminutio media).

PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING PERAWAT IGD RUMAH SAKIT JIWA DALAM MASA TUGAS COVID-19: STUDI FENOMENOLOGI

The COVID-19 pandemic experienced by people around the world has resulted in an increase in the number of patients and stressors for nurses in Mental Hospital Emergency Departments, and is exacerbated by the condition of mental patients who are unable to communicate properly. The quality of patient care in the ER is determined by the availability of the 5M element where nurses as a human element in the COVID-19 pandemic situation require more attention regarding psychological wellbeing. Psychological wellbeing of good nurses will have a positive impact on nursing services in the ER mental hospital. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences and feelings of psychologic wellbeing of Surakarta mental hospital emergency room nurses during the COVID-19 period. The research method used a qualitative design on the emergency room nurse mental hospital used Colaizzi analysis method. The results of the analysis of the participant interviews obtained seven themes, namely the meaning of psychological wellbeing (feeling happy, grateful to accept one's own condition, comfortable, useful and productive), Feelings during the COVID-19 pandemic (feelings at the beginning of the pandemic and current feelings), How to adapt during the COVID-19 pandemic. -19 (increased self-readiness, mutual care and support for fellow nurses, fulfillment of facilities and improvement of service systems), Hope for the COVID-19 pandemic (Joking freely and the pandemic will end soon and no health workers will fall), Changes experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic 19 (changes in regulations and culture in the face of a pandemic, changes in methods of studying online), experiences during work (pleasant experiences and bad experiences), families who always support carers (spouses and children and parents), and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic ( towards others and towards family). The conclusion now is that nurses feel more comfortable and calm in carrying out their duties. The nurses had made adaptations to reduce anxiety so as to improve the psychological wellbeing status of the nurses.

Cartografía digital disidente: El caso de Santiago de Chile durante el estallido social de 2019

El 18 de octubre de 2019 estalló en Santiago de Chile una de las mayores crisis sociales de la historia reciente del país. En un contexto de represión estatal y de desinformación surgieron múltiples iniciativas dedicadas a reunir colaborativamente información espacial, mayoritariamente apoyadas en las nuevas tecnologías. El objetivo de este trabajo es descubrir su significado y utilidad. Para ello se han identificado y analizado estos registros cartográficos mediante la observación participante no impostada en redes sociales. Los resultados muestran la cartografía digital como una estrategia de cuidado mutuo, un entorno de lucha y un hito fundamental para su continuidad. On the 18th October 2019, one of the biggest social crises in Chile’s recent history broke out in its capital Santiago. Against a backdrop of state repression and disinformation, there emerged multiple collaborative initiatives, largely based on new technologies, to collate spatial information. The objective of this article is to discover this collation’s significance and usefulness. As such, these cartographic records have been identified and analysed by way of genuine participatory observation within social networks. The results present digital cartography as a strategy of mutual care, an arena for struggle and a fundamental milestone in its continuity.

Cartografía digital disidente: el caso de Santiago de Chile durante el estallido social de 2019

El 18 de octubre de 2019 estalló en Santiago de Chile una de las mayores crisis sociales de la historia reciente del país. En un contexto de represión estatal y de desinformación surgieron múltiples iniciativas dedicadas a reunir colaborativamente información espacial, mayoritariamente apoyadas en las nuevas tecnologías. El objetivo de este trabajo es descubrir su significado y utilidad. Para ello se han identificado y analizado estos registros cartográficos mediante la observación participante no impostada en redes sociales. Los resultados muestran la cartografía digital como una estrategia de cuidado mutuo, un entorno de lucha y un hito fundamental para su continuidad. On the 18th October 2019, one of the biggest social crises in Chile’s recent history broke out in its capital Santiago. Against a backdrop of state repression and disinformation, there emerged multiple collaborative initiatives, largely based on new technologies, to collate spatial information. The objective of this article is to discover this collation’s significance and usefulness. As such, these cartographic records have been identified and analysed by way of genuine participatory observation within social networks. The results present digital cartography as a strategy of mutual care, an arena for struggle and a fundamental milestone in its continuity.

IMPLEMENTASI AMAR MA'RUF NAHI MUNGKAR DALAM KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL

The command for every Muslim to convey to each other is good and prevent evil. In addition to carrying out the commands of Allah and His Messenger, Amar ma'ruf nahi munkar can also maintain a better order of social life and community environment. Indifference to the munkar will invite the punishment of Allah which will not only be felt by the perpetrators of the munkar, but also by the entire community in the munkar environment. As happened to the previous people and has been enshrined in the Qur'an. In da'wah to prevent evil, a preacher must understand the mad'u he is facing and always be advised to prioritize a gentle way of delivering da'wah, although sometimes he must apply firmly under certain conditions. Believers are likened to one body, and to keep it good, it is necessary to maintain an attitude of mutual care and invite to good and prevent evil. The implementation of amar'maruf nahi munkar can not only be done verbally but can also be done in writing.

Producing Knowledge with Care. Building Mutually Caring Researcher-research Participants Relationships

Today’s development studies are going through a decolonial turn. At the heart of the debates surrounding the turn are discussions about the relationship between the researcher – often from the Global Norths – and her research participants – often from the Global Souths, and how this relationship may be constructed in a more reciprocal and respectful way. This paper uses the example of the author’s dissertation research with Jordanian women’s organizations in 2017 and 2018. It looks into how the feminist mutual-care-approach developed by Joan Fisher and Berenice Tronto may inform a reciprocal and respectful way of doing research and producing knowledge with and in the Souths in practice, and looks into the challenges that may arise from it.

Baileo as a peace model for Christian and Muslim communities in Maluku

This article aims at analysing Baileo as a peace model for Christian and Muslim communities from the gandong countries in Maluku. The countries include Hutumuri (Christian), Christian Sirisori, Islamic Sirisori and Tamilou (Islam). Baileo as a peace model was lost during the 1999 social conflict in Maluku. Baileo (bale) is a place to discuss problems and a place for implementation of customary rituals in the country, whilst gandong is a relationship between two or more countries based on blood or hereditary relations. The approaches used are cultural anthropology and functional theology. This research study uses a qualitative research method with observation and interview techniques for data collection and Appreciative Inquiry (AI) model for data analysis. As shown in the Results and Discussion section, firstly, Baileo is a place to create solidarity between Christian and Muslim communities because of the gandong ties between them, which were very good before the conflict; secondly, the local traditions of Baileo and gandong have become a meeting point for Christian and Muslim communities because Baileo has sacred values, and gandong has mutual care and protection values as an implementation of ancestral promise; thirdly, reviving the fraternal solidarity of Christian and Muslim communities based on collective memory through shared awareness, cultural romanticism and retelling; and fourthly, the implementation of the traditional ritual of the inauguration of Raja Hutumuri in Baileo as a manifestation of peace for Christian and Muslim communities in Maluku because of the absence of mutual suspicion and equality between Christianity and Muslims.Contribution: The contribution of this study is that local culture, in this case Baileo, is very relevant for solutions or a common ground for resolving socio-religious conflicts at local, national and global levels. Thus, it needs to be developed continuously.

KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

This study examines how Islam views natural resource conservation. This is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Based on the results of the studies that have been carried out, it can be concluded that Islam teaches humans to be responsible for all of Allah's creation, including being responsible for protecting and maintaining natural resource ecosystems. The principle of conservation in Islam is based on mutual care between humans and nature, because basically humans take advantage of the available natural resources. In addition, in the utilization of natural resources, humans must pay attention to balance, not be exploitative and remain proportional so that natural resources are preserved.