Simple and subdirectly irreducibles bounded distributive lattices with unary operators

We characterize the simple and subdirectly irreducible distributive algebras in some varieties of distributive lattices with unary operators, including topological and monadic positive modal algebras. Finally, for some varieties of Heyting algebras with operators we apply these results to determine the simple and subdirectly irreducible algebras.

IDEMPOTENT DISTRIBUTIVE SEMIRINGS WITH INVOLUTION

A semiring with involution is a semiring equipped with an involutorial antiasutomorphism as a fundamental operation. The aim of the present paper is to determine the lattice of all varieties of idempotent and distributive semirings with involution. We start with the description of their structure, which is followed by a complete list of all subdirectly irreducibles. We make a heavy use of general results obtained recently by Dolinka and Vinčić [11] on involutorial Płonka sums. Applying these results and some further structural theorems, we construct the considered lattice. It turns out that it has exactly 64 elements.

On some small varieties of distributive Ockham algebras

J. Berman [2] initiated the study of a variety k of bounded distributive lattices endowed with a dual homomorphic operation paying particular attention to certain subvarieties km, n. Subsequently, A. Urquhart [8] named the algebras in k distributive Ockham algebras, and developed a duality theory, based on H. A. Priestley's order-topological duality for bounded distributive lattices [6], [7]. Amongst other things, Urquhart described the ordered spaces dual to the subdirectly irreducible algebras in Sif. This work was developed further still by M. S. Goldberg in his thesis and the paper [5]. Recently, T. S. Blyth and J. C. Varlet [3], in abstracting de Morgan and Stone algebras, studied a subvariety MS of the variety k1.1. The main result in [3]is that there are, up to isomorphism, nine subdirectly irreducible algebras in MS and their Hasse diagrams are exhibited. The methods employed in [3] are purely algebraic and can be generalized to show that, up to isomorphism, there are twenty subdirectly irreducible algebras in k1.1. In section 3 of this paper, we take a short cut to this result by utilizing the results of Urquhart and Goldberg. Our basic method is simple: the results of Goldberg [5] are applied to k1,1 to produce a certain eight-element algebra B1 in k1,1, whose lattice reduct is Boolean and whose subalgebras are, up to isomorphism, precisely the subdirectly irreducibles in k1.1. We then pick out of the list of twenty such algebras those belonging to the variety MS. In section 4, we sketch a purely algebraic proof along the lines followed by Blyth and Varlet in [3].

Model companions of distributive p-algebras

Let Bn, 0 ≤ n ≤ ω, be the equational classes of distributive p-algebras (precise definitions are given in §1). It has been known for some time that the elementary theories Tn of Bn possess model companions ; see, e.g., [6] and [14] and the references given there. However, no axiomatizations of were given, with the exception of n = 0 (Boolean case) and n= 1 (Stonian case). While the first case belongs to the folklore of the subject (see [6], also [11]), the second case presented considerable difficulties (see Schmitt [13]). Schmitt's use of methods characteristic for Stone algebras seems to prevent a ready adaptation of his results to the cases n ≥ 2.The natural way to get a hold on is to determine the class E(Bn) of existentially complete members of Bn: Since exists, it equals the elementary theory of E(Bn). The present author succeeded [12] in solving the simpler problem of determining the classes A(Bn) of algebraically closed algebras in Bn (exact definitions of A(Bn) and E(Bn) are given in §1) for all 0 > n < ω. A(Bn) is easier to handle since it contains sufficiently many “small” algebras-viz. finite direct products of certain subdirectly irreducibles-in terms of which the members of A(Bn) may be analyzed (in contrast, all members of E(Bn) are infinite and ℵ-homogeneous). As it turns out, A(Bn) is finitely axiomatizable for all n, and comparing the theories of A(B0), A(B1) with the explicitly known theories of E(B0), E(B1)-viz. , , a reasonable conjecture for , 2 ≤ n ≤ ω, is immediate. The main part of this paper is concerned with verifying that the conditions formalized by suffice to describe the algebras in E(Bn) (necessity is easy). This verification rests on the same combinatorial techniques as used in [12] to describe the members of A(Bn).

Distributive Ockham algebras: free algebras and injectivity

This paper centres around the variety 0 of distributive Ockham algebras, and those subvarieties of 0 which are generated by a single finite subdirectly irreducible algebra A. We use H.A. Priestley's duality for bounded distributive lattices throughout. First, intrinsic descriptions of the duals of certain finite subdirectly irreducibles are given; these are later used to determine projectives in the dual categories. Next, left adjoints to the forgetful functors from 0 and Var(A) into bounded distributive lattices are obtained, thereby allowing us to describe all free algebras and coproducts of arbitrary algebras. Finally, by applying the duality, we characterize injectivity in Var(A) for each finite subdirectly irreducible algebra A.