Performance Of UPHC Filled Steel Column

Ever since the development of the Ultra-High-Performance Concrete [UHPC], research has been going on in the use of hollow steel tubes filled with UHPC as a super-frame structural member. The key area of this research is to study the influence of confinement effect on the behavior of the Super-frame column and to develop guidelines in modern codes for the design of such composite sections. This project report compares the performance UHPC filled steel tubes and conventional sections using a computer program, Lab experiment and analytical analysis. The results of all the analysis show that UHPC filled tubes perform better than the conventional sections such as only steel sections or concrete sections. Additionally, Eurocode - 4 predicts reasonable results.

Performance Of UPHC Filled Steel Column

Ever since the development of the Ultra-High-Performance Concrete [UHPC], research has been going on in the use of hollow steel tubes filled with UHPC as a super-frame structural member. The key area of this research is to study the influence of confinement effect on the behavior of the Super-frame column and to develop guidelines in modern codes for the design of such composite sections. This project report compares the performance UHPC filled steel tubes and conventional sections using a computer program, Lab experiment and analytical analysis. The results of all the analysis show that UHPC filled tubes perform better than the conventional sections such as only steel sections or concrete sections. Additionally, Eurocode - 4 predicts reasonable results.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DATA TRANSPORT OVER DIFFERENT-NODE DENSITY OF ZIGBEE SENSOR NETWORK – AN OPNET SIMULATION STUDY

In this paper, we analyze the performance of different node density of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) operating under the IEEE Standard 802.15.4 in the beacon-enabled mode. The motivation for evaluating the beacon-enabled mode is due to its flexibility for WSN applications as compared to the non-beacon enabled mode. The analysis is based on an accurate OPNET simulation model which supports slotted Carrier Sense Multiple Access Mechanism with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism and Guaranteed Time Slot (GTS). The performance of the slotted CSMA/CA sensor network is evaluated and analyzed for different network settings to understand the impact of the protocol attributes, including super-frame order (SO), beacon order (BO), data packet size and maximum back-off number. Through the simulation results, high SO provides better network throughput, otherwise results in lower average latency. We also found that the MAC overheads on small MAC Service Data Unit (MSDU) are more significant than the overheads on large MSDU. And the back-off mechanism results in longer delays when the network traffic is heavy.

A Duality Principle for Groups II: Multi-frames Meet Super-Frames

The duality principle for group representations developed in Dutkay et al. (J Funct Anal 257:1133–1143, 2009), Han and Larson (Bull Lond Math Soc 40:685–695, 2008) exhibits a fact that the well-known duality principle in Gabor analysis is not an isolated incident but a more general phenomenon residing in the context of group representation theory. There are two other well-known fundamental properties in Gabor analysis: the biorthogonality and the fundamental identity of Gabor analysis. The main purpose of this this paper is to show that these two fundamental properties remain to be true for general projective unitary group representations. Moreover, we also present a general duality theorem which shows that that muti-frame generators meet super-frame generators through a dual commutant pair of group representations. Applying it to the Gabor representations, we obtain that $$\{\pi _{\Lambda }(m, n)g_{1} \oplus \cdots \oplus \pi _{\Lambda }(m, n)g_{k}\}_{m, n \in {\mathbb {Z}}^{d}}$$ { π Λ ( m , n ) g 1 ⊕ ⋯ ⊕ π Λ ( m , n ) g k } m , n ∈ Z d is a frame for $$L^{2}({\mathbb {R}}\,^{d})\oplus \cdots \oplus L^{2}({\mathbb {R}}\,^{d})$$ L 2 ( R d ) ⊕ ⋯ ⊕ L 2 ( R d ) if and only if $$\cup _{i=1}^{k}\{\pi _{\Lambda ^{o}}(m, n)g_{i}\}_{m, n\in {\mathbb {Z}}^{d}}$$ ∪ i = 1 k { π Λ o ( m , n ) g i } m , n ∈ Z d is a Riesz sequence, and $$\cup _{i=1}^{k} \{\pi _{\Lambda }(m, n)g_{i}\}_{m, n\in {\mathbb {Z}}^{d}}$$ ∪ i = 1 k { π Λ ( m , n ) g i } m , n ∈ Z d is a frame for $$L^{2}({\mathbb {R}}\,^{d})$$ L 2 ( R d ) if and only if $$\{\pi _{\Lambda ^{o}}(m, n)g_{1} \oplus \cdots \oplus \pi _{\Lambda ^{o}}(m, n)g_{k}\}_{m, n \in {\mathbb {Z}}^{d}}$$ { π Λ o ( m , n ) g 1 ⊕ ⋯ ⊕ π Λ o ( m , n ) g k } m , n ∈ Z d is a Riesz sequence, where $$\pi _{\Lambda }$$ π Λ and $$\pi _{\Lambda ^{o}}$$ π Λ o is a pair of Gabor representations restricted to a time–frequency lattice $$\Lambda $$ Λ and its adjoint lattice $$\Lambda ^{o}$$ Λ o in $${\mathbb {R}}\,^{d}\times {\mathbb {R}}\,^{d}$$ R d × R d .

Performance Enhancement of IEEE 802.15.4e Deterministic and Synchronous Multi-Channel Extension

Deterministic and Synchronous multi-channel extension (DSME) is introduced to improve the network performance by providing dedicated slots. Thus, the network is divided into various slots to access the channel in the dedicated slots allocated to them. However, choosing the DSME slots is one of the major challenging tasks. In this article, we use fuzzy logic to estimate the optimum count of DSME slot per super frame by considering network size, collision probability, and modulation and coding schemes. Further, we analytically evaluate the collision probability, throughput, energy consumption and delay of DSME mechanism. Results show that the optimal number of DSME slots found using fuzzy logic significantly enhances the throughput and decreases the energy consumption. Finally, extensive simulations are conducted using ns-3 to validate the analytical result

A Novel Grouping Mechanism for DSMEMAC Mode

IEEE 802.15.4e introduces deterministic and Synchronous multi-channel extension (DSME) MAC mode to provide deterministic performance. To do so, the super frame structure is divided into multiple contention access slots and contention free slots. However, the standard does not specify the number of devices to access each DSME slots. In this article, we exploit fuzzy logic to group the devices based on the nature of traffic and vary the duration of DSME slot according to the traffic requirements of the devices. Further, we analytically evaluate the collision probability, throughput, energy consumption and delay of DSME mechanism. Results show that the optimal amount of DSME slots associated with fuzzy logic significantly improves efficiency and reduces energy usage.. Finally, extensive simulations are conducted using ns-3 to validate the analytical results.

Prioritized data based Energy Efficient MAC protocol in Wireless Body Area Network

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is an exclusively designed Wireless Sensor Networks that used in today’s health-care system. The central challenge in WBAN is to transfer the medical data with limited energy and with high reliability. The IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Protocol is a standard model used to consume less energy by providing low data rate. This paper aimed to present a novel protocol PD-MAC, an enhanced version of IEEE 802.15.4 to achieve the above goal. The main objective of this protocol is to transmit the packets according to their priorities. It also improves the retransmission and packet drop process by introducing an additional slot to define Starvation Index in the super-frame of IEEE 802.15.4. A node has to start its transmission when the timer is set to zero. A node has to sense the channel status before transmission begins. The data are transmitted according to their priorities only when it senses the free channel. However if the channel is not free then retransmission of packet will be carried out and in each retransmission process the starvation index increments the priority of the packet. When the packet priority raises to high then it transmits the packet by considering it as high emergency packet. For energy efficiency a max limit is define to retransmit a data packet. This protocol has been simulated using Castalia 3.2 environment and the result validate that our proposed protocol provides better service in terms of least Packet Delay and lowest Energy Consumption to its counterparts.