Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment and Its Implications for Disaster Risk Management in the coastal area of Purworejo Regency

Tsunamis are disasters with unpredictable events, but the occurrence of tsunamis in Indonesia always has a significant impact on every sector of life, especially the economy and society. The position of the Indonesian State, which is located in the subduction zones as well as the increasing human activity in coastal areas, are the factors that trigger the tsunami, which is accompanied by losses and damages. One of them is Purworejo Regency, which is directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean. Vulnerability assessment is the focus of this paper. This study uses a quantitative analysis approach with analytical methods in the form of scoring analysis. Weighted cell-based data processing is the main cog in vulnerability assessment. The combination of economic and social parameters creates a vulnerability. Financial vulnerability is measured based on GRDP and productive land, while social vulnerability is estimated based on population density and vulnerable communities. The vulnerability analysis results are in the form of total vulnerability level in the medium class, the level of economic vulnerability in the low, quality, and social vulnerability in the medium class associated with the implication of disaster risk management.

Análise da vulnerabilidade das edificações em áreas afetadas por movimentos de massa

A ocorrência dos movimentos de massa pode assumir distintas grandezas diante do número de mortes e dos severos danos sociais e ambientais para a região afetada. Diferentes esforços têm sido empregados para avaliar os impactos destes processos e dentre eles estão os métodos de cartografia de risco como o mapeamento da vulnerabilidade das edificações. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar a vulnerabilidade das edificações e sua distribuição espacial na área urbana do município de Itaoca (SP) afetado por fluxo de detritos e lama em janeiro de 2014. Foi empregado o método PTVA (Papathoma Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment) sendo adotados os seguintes critérios: número de pavimentos, distância do canal (<30m), existência de muro de alvenaria e tipo de material. Os resultados revelaram que a maioria das edificações tem um valor alto de vulnerabilidade (>0,83), sendo que a ausência de muros de alvenaria é o critério de maior peso. A espacialização registrou uma Baixa Vulnerabilidade para um pouco mais de 14% da área, e Muito Alta Vulnerabilidade para aproximadamente 10%. As classes Média e Alta marcaram 39% e 35%.

Applicability of the PTVA-4 model to evaluate the structural vulnerability of hospitals in Sri Lanka against tsunami

Purpose This paper aims to identify the specific parameters in developing a framework to assess the structural vulnerability of hospital buildings in Sri Lanka against tsunami. Along with that, the adaptability and suitability of the existing global frameworks in the Sri Lankan context are to be assessed. Design/methodology/approach In this study, Papathoma tsunami vulnerability assessment (PTVA)-4 model was used as the base in developing the abovementioned framework. Its adaptability and suitability in assessing hospital buildings in the country were considered under the case studies conducted in six selected hospitals in the Southern coastal belt of Sri Lanka. Under these case studies, data collection was done using the Rapid Visual Screening method where assessments were carried out through visual observations. The collected data were analyzed according to the aforementioned model for its suitability in evaluating the structural vulnerability of hospitals in Sri Lanka, against tsunami hazard. Findings From these case studies, it was identified that the use of the PTVA-4 model alone was insufficient to assess the structural vulnerability of the hospital buildings against the tsunami. Therefore, the model must be further improved with more relevant assessing attributes related to hospitals, suitable for the Sri Lankan context. Originality/value This paper identifies the specific structural assessment parameters required in assessing hospitals in the coastal belt of Sri Lanka, considering tsunami as the main hazard condition.

VULNERABILIDAD FÍSICA EN LAS EDIFICACIONES DEL SECTOR DE BOCAGRANDE, CARTAGENA DE INDIAS; ANTE UN EVENTO DE TSUNAMI.

Los tsunamis se encuentran entre los fenómenos naturales más devastadores y poco frecuentes, resultado de una perturbación submarina que irrumpe en la zona costera. Sin embargo, la investigación científica en el mar caribe con respecto a estos eventos es menor debido a su ocurrencia inusual si es comparado con el océano pacífico. Se evaluó la vulnerabilidad física de 305 edificaciones del sector de Bocagrande; una zona notable a nivel socioeconómico y turístico; implementando el modelo Papathoma Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment (PTVA4) el cual ha sido analizado y validado obteniendo estudios satisfactorios. Asimismo, por medio de la aplicación móvil survey 123 for ArcGIS se recolectó la información pertinente, representando los resultados en mapas temáticos con base a sistemas de información geográficos. Se pudo determinar el índice de vulnerabilidad relativa de cada edificación, aportando una herramienta para futuras toma de decisiones e implementación por parte de autoridades locales.

Analysis and validation of the PTVA tsunami building vulnerability model using the 2015 Chile post-tsunami damage data in Coquimbo and La Serena cities

Chile is highly exposed to tsunami hazard from large earthquakes often occurring along the Peru–Chile trench, like the 16 September 2015 event. However, only recently has tsunami hazard been considered in the land-use policies of the Chilean coast. These new regulations must enforce the identification of the most vulnerable sectors of the Chilean coastal cities. This paper analyses and validates the two latest versions of the Papathoma Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment (PTVA) model in the 2015 tsunami reconstructed scenario in the cities of La Serena and Coquimbo. Both models result in a similar number of very high and high relative vulnerability index (RVI) scores. However, the less vulnerable categories do not show a similar trend and the PTVA-4 model obtains a larger number of minor and average RVI scores. When compared to the damages caused by the tsunami, the PTVA-3 shows a more similar distribution to the actual damages than that obtained by the PTVA-4 model, which shows a more concentrated distribution of the RVI scores. These results suggest this version of the model should be used in Chilean coastal cities in future land-use or mitigation planning.