Effects of family history of diabetes on pancreatic β-cell function and diabetic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in China

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between a parental and/or sibling history of diabetes and clinical characteristics.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThe data were collected from the endocrinology department of The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from June 2017 to October 2019.ParticipantsA total of 894 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited. Data on clinical characteristics were collected from patient medical records. Pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance were calculated with the homeostatic model assessment. SPSS V.25.0 was used to perform the analysis.ResultsThe percentages of patients with parental and sibling histories of diabetes were 14.8% and 9.8%, respectively. The prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) was 3.9%. Compared with those with no parental history of diabetes, patients with a parental history of diabetes were characterised by early-onset disease (41.70±10.88 vs 51.17±14.09 years), poor glycaemic control of fasting blood glucose (10.84±5.21 vs 8.91±4.38 mmol/L) and a high prevalence of DKA (7.6% vs 3.3%). The patients with a sibling history of diabetes had later disease onset (56.05±9.86 vs 49.09±14.29 years) and lower BMI (24.49±3.48 vs 25.69±3.86 kg/m2) than those with no sibling history of diabetes. Univariate regression suggested that both parental history (p=0.037) and sibling history (p=0.011) of diabetes were associated with β-cell function; however, multiple regression analysis showed that only a sibling history of diabetes was associated with β-cell function (p=0.038). Univariate regression revealed a positive correlation between parental history of diabetes (p=0.023, OR=2.416, 95% CI 1.132 to 5.156) and DKA. Unfortunately, this correlation was not statistically significant for either patients with a parental history (p=0.234, OR=1.646, 95% CI 0.724 to 3.743) or those with a sibling history (p=0.104, OR=2.319, 95% CI 0.841 to 6.389) after adjustments for confounders.ConclusionA sibling history of diabetes was associated with poor β-cell function, and a parental history of diabetes was associated with poor glycaemic control and a high prevalence of DKA.

Comparison of the effects of sibling and parental history of type 2 diabetes on metabolic syndrome

The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between sibling history, parental history and simultaneous sibling and parental history of diabetes, and the presence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. Our study comprised 5000 participants from Taiwan Biobank until April, 2014. The participants were stratified into four groups according to sibling and/or parental family history (FH) of DM. MetS was defined as having 3 of the following 5 abnormalities based on the standard of the NCEP ATP III and modified criteria for Asians. The prevalence of MetS and its traits was estimated and compared among the four familial risk strata. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed participants with sibling FH of DM [vs. no FH of DM; odds ratio (OR) 1.815; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.293 to 2.548; p = 0.001], participants with parental FH of DM (vs. no FH of DM; OR 1.771; 95% CI 1.468 to 2.135; p < 0.001), and participants with simultaneous sibling and parental FH of DM (vs. no FH of DM; OR 2.961; 95% CI 2.108 to 4.161; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with MetS. A synergistic effect of sibling FH of DM and parental FH of DM on the association of MetS was also observed. In a nationally representative sample of Taiwan adults, a simultaneous sibling and parental history of diabetes shows a significant, independent association with MetS and its components, except for abdominal obesity. The association highlights the importance of obtaining stratified FH information in clinical practice and may help to identify individuals who should be targeted for screening and early prevention of MetS.

Association of Autonomic imbalance with Parental history of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Off springs with a parental history of type 2 diabetes mellitus are genetically susceptible to develop diabetes. In some recent reports it has been shown that these vulnerable population exhibit altered autonomic activity even before the manifestations of disease. Autonomic dysfunction might be the initial cardiac pathology in subclinical type2 diabetes. Till now very few studies have been done to find out the early outcomes of this genetic transmission. Keeping in view of the above facts, the current study was carried out to find out the association between autonomic dysfunction and parental history of diabetes. Aim and Objectives: This study was aimed to quantify and compare the difference (if any) of heart rate recovery in response to 3minute step test between the young non diabetic children of non-diabetic and diabetic parents. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one non diabetic students were divided into two groups. One group comprised of students with parental history of type2 diabetes mellitus and another group with students without parental history of diabetes. Each student was subjected to 3minute Master step test. Recordings of heart rate were made before and after exercise. Heart arte recovery (HRR) in 1 minute (HRR1) as well as in 2, 3 and 4 minute (HRR2,HRR3, HRR4) were recorded and analyzed. Results: The resting (basal) as well as 1stminute heart rate recovery (HRR1) was not significantly different between the two groups. Likewise, the 2nd minute HRR (HRR2), 3rd minute HRR (HRR3) and 4th minute HRR (HRR4) respectively were also not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is no difference in the heart rate recovery in response to the exercise stress test between the young non diabetic children of non-diabetic and diabetic parents. Therefore, parental history of diabetes does not have any impact on the cardiovascular autonomic activity before the disease manifestation.