Possible Observation of a Second Kind of Light

According to classical electrodynamics, sunlight that is passed through an iron layer can be detected with the naked eye only if the thickness of the layer is less than 170nm. However, in an old experiment, August Kundt was able to see the sunlight with the naked eye even when it had passed an iron layer with thickness greater than 200nm. To explain this observation, we propose a second kind of light which was introduced in a different context by Abdus Salam. A tabletop experiment can verify this possibility.

Study on the Microstructures and Wear Resistance of ZG30Cr Steel Surface Layer

In this paper ,the WC and high-Cr Cast Iron layer were obtained on the surface of ZG30Cr steel by casting-penetrating process, the organization and wear properties of penetrating layer were studied.The results show that the layer is dense, without pores, slag and other defects, the penetrating layer and substrate are metallurgical bonding. When 30 %WC and 70 % Cr-Fe with 100～120 mesh are added to permeability agent ,the penetrating layer has the best wear resistance, is 6.8 times the matrix materials. Keywords: The layer structure; Particle size; Wear resistance

Study on the Wear Resistance of Cast-Oozing Different Content of WC

In this paper, the WC and high-Cr Cast Iron layer were obtained on the surface of ZG30Cr steel by casting-penetrating process, the organization and wear properties of penetrating layer were studied. The results show that the layer is dense, without pores, slag and other defects, the penetrating layer and substrate are metallurgical bonding. When 20 %WC and 80 % Cr-Fe with are added to permeability agent, the penetrating layer has the best wear resistance, is 11.3 times the matrix materials.

Material Properties of Carbon-Infiltrated Carbon Nanotube-Templated Structures for Microfabrication of Compliant Mechanisms

Carbon nanotubes can be grown vertically from a substrate to form dense forests hundreds of microns tall. The space between the nanotubes can then be filled with carbon using chemical vapor deposition to create solid structures. These infiltrated structures can be detached from the substrate and operated as single-piece MEMS. To facilitate the design of compliant microdevices using this process, we explored the influence of two fabrication parameters—iron layer thickness and infiltration time—on the material’s mechanical properties, using the fracture strain to judge suitability for compliance. We prepared samples of a simple meso-scale cantilever beam pattern at various levels of these parameters, applied vertical loads to the tips of the beams, and recorded the forces and deflections at brittle failure. These data were then used in conjunction with a nonlinear FEA model of the beams to determine Young’s modulus and fracture stress for each experimental setting. From these data the fracture strains were obtained. The highest fracture strain observed was 2.48%, which is approximately 3.5 times that of polycrystalline silicon. This was obtained using an iron layer thickness of 10 nm and an infiltration time of 30 minutes. We used a test device—a compliant gripper mechanism for holding mammalian egg cells—to demonstrate the use of this material in compliant MEMS design.