GENERATION OF THIRD-ORDER QUADRATURE OSCILLATOR CIRCUITS USING NAM EXPANSION

A systematic synthesis procedure for generating third-order grounded passive element quadrature oscillators is given. The synthesis procedure is based on using nodal admittance matrix (NAM) expansion applied to the Y matrix of a recently reported three Op Amp third-order oscillator circuit. Four new circuits using current conveyors (CCII) are reported. In addition four more new circuits using inverting current conveyors (ICCII) are also given. Many more quadrature third-order oscillator circuits using combinations of CCII and ICCII can be obtained. Simulation results demonstrating the practicality of one of the generated circuits are included.

PATHOLOGICAL REALIZATIONS OF BOTA AND FDDTA USING GROUNDED RESISTORS

Sixteen pathological realizations of the balanced output transconductance amplifier (BOTA) using four grounded G are generated. Each of these circuits is realizable using four current conveyors (CCII) or four inverting current conveyors (ICCII) or a combination of four CCII and ICCII. Six new pathological realizations of the BOTA using two grounded G based on current subtraction are introduced. Four new pathological realizations of the BOTA using two grounded G based on voltage subtraction are introduced. Several new pathological realizations of the FDDTA as a voltage subtraction stage and a BOTA stage are also given. Simulation results are included.

CLASSIFICATION AND PATHOLOGICAL REALIZATIONS OF TRANSCONDUCTANCE AMPLIFIERS

Classification of transconductance amplifiers (TA) based on the number of input ports and output ports is given. A systematic generation method of TA based on using nullator, norator elements, and pathological mirror elements is used to provide pathological realizations of different types of TA. Four pathological realizations of the single input balanced output TA each using two grounded G are given. Four pathological realizations of the differential input single output TA each using two grounded G are given. Six pathological realizations of the differential input balanced output TA known as BOTA are given. Three pathological realizations for each of the two types of the differential input double output TA are also given. Finally, four alternative ideally equivalent realizations of the BOTA using two current conveyors (CCII) or two inverting current conveyors (ICCII) are generated from the pathological realizations.

HISTORY AND PROGRESS OF THE TOW THOMAS BI-QUADRATIC FILTER PART III: GENERATION USING NAM EXPANSION

A new generation method of the Tow-Thomas (TT) circuit based on the nodal admittance matrix (NAM) expansion is given. The family of TT circuits defined includes four different types of generated circuits. All the advantages of the classical TT circuit namely, independent control on the frequency, selectivity factor Q and gain, besides having very low passive sensitivities are maintained. Besides, each of the family members of the generated circuits use grounded passive elements and has very high input impedance. It is found that there are eight circuits in each type implying a total of 32 TT circuits using current conveyors (CCII) and inverting current conveyors (ICCII). 24 circuits are new and four of them have a floating property.

Two Integrator Loop Filters: Generation Using NAM Expansion and Review

Systematic synthesis method to generate a family of two integrator loop filters based on nodal admittance matrix (NAM) expansion is given. Eight equivalent circuits are obtained; six of them are new. Each of the generated circuits uses two grounded capacitors and employs two current conveyors (CCII) or two inverting current conveyors (ICCII) or a combination of both. The NAM expansion is also used to generate eight equivalent grounded passive elements two integrator loop filters using differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC); six of them are new. Changing the input port of excitation, two new families of eight unity gain lowpass filter circuits each using two CCII or ICCII or combination of both or two DVCC are obtained.

GENERATION OF OSCILLATORS BASED ON GROUNDED CAPACITOR CURRENT CONVEYORS WITH MINIMUM PASSIVE COMPONENTS

In this paper, eight new Frequency Dependent Negative Resistance (FDNR) circuits using two current conveyors or inverting current conveyors or a combination of the two types are introduced. The proposed circuits are canonic and they use two grounded capacitors and one floating resistor. The generation of grounded capacitor minimum passive component oscillators from the FDNR circuits is also considered. It is found that two of the recently reported attractive oscillators are among the family of the generated oscillator circuits. Additional six new oscillator circuits based on the FDNR circuits are introduced in this paper. Spice simulation results using technology: SCN 05 feature size 0.5 μm, MOSIS Vendor: AGILENT to demonstrate the practicality of the proposed oscillators are included.