The individualized supervision strategy and effectiveness under the strength perspective: a pilot study for the case management model of the high-care elderly in communities

Background This study tried to improve the operational efficiency and service quality of the community case management model for the High-Care Elderly in Communities in Taiwan. This study tried to assistant social workers in community care sites to establish individualized treatment planning, to empower them with flexibility to discover and utilize their own unique strengths, to reach the goal of developing community care capacity. Methods A case consulting model was employed in this study by providing case by case supervision service. We collected all supervision meeting records and related data as our qualitative research materials, analyzed these materials and tried to define intervention effectiveness of the individualized supervision strategy under the strength perspective applied to the case management model of the high-care elderly in communities. To find out what helps these social workers the most, and how these social workers realize and recognize their process and key to improve their service quality and work efficiency, in the way of qualitative interpretation. Results A supervision model under the perspective of strength was developed in this study, and was applied to clinical community care sites to help their social workers. The results proved that our supervision model provided an opportunity to empower and re-know themselves, re-establish their professional confidence and meaning of existence for their organization, and eventually produced positive effect to quality of service and service receiver’s satisfaction improvement. The key feature that made this supervision model of the strength perspective work was to let social workers have the autonomy to interpret the challenges they face and to think possible alternative solutions creatively. Conclusions This study showed that create a supervisee-friendly psycho-socio environment empowered these workers by increasing their resource network and taking advantage of what they still have and what they were good at, this could help these workers upgrade their level on ladders of empowerment, become an active and independent professional worker that have power and confidence to make treatment and intervention.

POTRET MANTAN PENDERITA SKIZOFRENIA DITINJAU DARI STRENGTH PERSPECTIVE

Fenomena relapse mantan penderita skizofrenia menjadi salah satu isu global, demikian pula di Indonesia. Kondisi seperti ini menjadi permasalahan bagi keluarga, masyarakat maupun pemerintah apabila tidak ditanganis secara serius. Profesi pekerja sosial menjadi salah satu yang telibat dalam penanganan mantan penderita skizofrenia, dalam perkembangannya memiliki satu perspektif dalam mengintervensi klien dari segi kekuatan, perspektif ini dikenal sebagai perspektif kekuatan. Graybeal mencoba mengkonseptualisasi 5 (lima) aspek perspektif kekuatan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kekuatan atau potensi yang dimiliki mantan penderita skizofrenia dipandang dari perspektif kekuatan berdasarkan 5 (lima) aspek dari Graybeal. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah studi literatur. Hasil dari artikel ini adalah mantan penderita skizofrenia memiliki potensi yang dapat dijabarkan dari aspek sumber-sumber, aspek pilihan-pilihan, aspek kemungkinan-kemungkinan, aspek pengecualian-pengecualian dan aspek solusi. Dengan adanya perspektif kekuatan diharapkan dapat mengubah cara pandang terhadap mantan penderita skizofrenia dan menjadi penuntun bagi praktisi pekerja sosial dalam memberikan intervensi kepada mantan penderita skizofrenia sehingga tercapai kemandirian yang keberlanjutan.

STRENGTH PERSPECTIVE: MEMETAKAN POTENSI PELAKU USAHA KECIL DAN MIKRO DI DESA MARGALUYU

Strength perspective mengarahkan pada pandangan bahawa bahwa setiap orang, kelompok atau masyarakat sesungguhnya memiliki sumber kekuatan, baik yang bersumber pada diri sendiri maupun lingkungan sekitar mereka. Pandangan ini dapat memandu setiap diri manusia, kelompok, organisasi, masyarakat; atau entitas sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya lainnya yang dengan sisi positifnya semestinya menjadi modal utama untuk mandiri, maju dan berkembang. Demikian pula dalam memetakan usaha mikro di perdesaan, dimana perpektif kekuatan berkaitan erat dengan pemberdayaan atau keberdayaan (empowered) usaha tersebut. Selain sumber-sumber potensial lainnya, seperti aset-aset fisik, ekonomi, dan budaya; perspektif ini menekankan perlunya pemanfaatan aset-aset sosial (social capital) potensial di masyarakat. Pandangan kekuatan (strength perspective) merupakan salah alternative upaya memetakan potensi usaha mikro-kecil di desa, agar hasilnya lebih positif dan fair. Banyak usaha kecil dan mikro yang tetap bertahan hingga kini, membuktikan bahwa mereka memiliki kekuatan. Lalu apa yang menjadi sumber kekuatan mereka, hingga dapat survive di tengah perubahan sosial dan teknologi informasi yang begitu cepat. Namun demikian, perubahan sosial dan kemajuan teknologi saat ini pun semestinya dapat berdampak positif bagi perkembangan usaha mereka. Artikel ini berupaya untuk menggambarkan dan menjelaskan bagaimana pandangan berbasis kekuatan (strength perspective) dalam memetakan potensi usaha mikro-kecil di desa, sebagai salah satu alternatif. Kajian dalam artikel ini dilandasi oleh pemikiran bahwa sesungguhnya setiap pelaku usaha mikro-kecil di desa memiliki kekuatan berikut dengan ragam sumber dan potensinya. Beragam sumber dan potensi tersebut bisa disadari atau pun tidak oleh pelaku usaha mikro-kecil (UMK) tersebut. Strength perspective leads to the view that every person, group or community actually has a source of strength, both originating from themselves and the environment around them. This view can guide every human being, group, organization, society; or other social, economic, and cultural entities that on the positive side should be the main capital to be independent, advanced and developing. Likewise in mapping microbusinesses in rural areas, where the strength perspective is closely related to empowering or empowering the business. In addition to other potential sources, such as physical, economic and cultural assets; This perspective emphasizes the need to utilize potential social assets in the community. The strength perspective is an alternative effort to map the potential of micro-small businesses in the village, so that the results are more positive and fair. Many small and micro businesses that have survived until now, prove that they have strength. Then what is the source of their strength, so they can survive in the midst of social change and information technology so fast. However, current social changes and technological advances should have a positive impact on the development of their businesses. This article seeks to describe and explain how a strength based perspective in mapping the potential of micro-small businesses in the village, as an alternative. The study in this article is based on the idea that every micro-small business actor in the village has the following strengths with various sources and potentials. The various sources and potentials can be realized or not by the micro-small business (UMK).

Liberating Instruction: A Critical Bilingual Literacy Approach for Latinx Students

This article reviews Dr. Carla España and Dr. Luz Yadira Herrera’s En Comunidad: Lessons for Centering the Voices of Experiences of Bilingual Latinx Students. Though a critical bilingual literacies approach, the language practices, experiences and cultural histories of Latinx students are centered for literacy instruction in grades 3-8. Before instruction begins, the authors support educational practitioners in creating equitable educational and language stances that hold students’ language practices in a strength perspective. Each chapter that follows details and explains a thematic unit of student that guides educators in creating lessons based on students’ experiences and are summarized within this review. Supports for incorporating translanguaging pedagogies are also provided. Guiding questions, bilingual texts, and alternative themes are included to fit the language model of any program serving multilingual Latinx learners. Suggestions for extending these units of study and practices into secondary classrooms and for other language and racial ethnic groups are also discussed.

Perceived Knowledge Moderates the Relation Between Subjective Ambivalence and the “Impact” of Attitudes: An Attitude Strength Perspective

Previous work has reliably demonstrated that when people experience more subjective ambivalence about an attitude object, their attitudes have less impact on strength-related outcomes such as attitude-related thinking, judging, or behaving. However, previous research has not considered whether the amount of perceived knowledge a person has about the topic might moderate these effects. Across eight studies on different topics using a variety of outcome measures, the current research demonstrates that perceived knowledge can moderate the relation between ambivalence and the impact of attitudes on related thinking, judging, and behaving. Although the typical Attitude × Ambivalence effect emerged when participants had relatively high perceived knowledge, this interaction did not emerge when participants were lower in perceived knowledge. This work provides a more nuanced view of the effects of subjective ambivalence on attitude impact and highlights the importance of understanding the combined impact of attitude strength antecedents.