Research on application of dual-wavelength LED in pulse oxygen saturation

Pulse oximetry saturation (SpO2) is a main parameter that reflects the condition of the human cardiovascular system. It is best to detect SpO2 non-destructively with photoplethysmography (PPG). The embedded technique was used to control the dual-wavelength LED illuminating the fingertips, photoelectric sensors to detect reflection data and, then, upload the data to computers, IIR filtering and S-G smoothing filtering on MatLab to process the collected data. The results is shown that the discreteness of the processed data was reduced by 2–6% and the high-frequency noise and motion artifact were removed effectively. It would provide some references for improving the accuracy of the pulse oxygen saturation monitoring system in a complex environment.

Modified Lsb For Hiding Encrypted Kurdish Text Into Digital Image

Image files can hide text without their size being affected too much. This process called steganography which allows hiding text in images without any suspicions from intruders. This paper addresses an improved LSB substitution algorithm for hiding Kurdish text information written in text file into digital image as steganography technique. The algorithm consists of two main phases, the first phase holds the encryption of the Kurdish text message and the embedded technique while the second phase hold the message extraction followed by decryption to get the original code of each character. The algorithm contains many procedures to enhance this process. Least Significant Bit method is used to hide the Kurdish text, in order to keep the features and characteristics of the original image. Applying the proposed approach shows that it seems work in a best case by hiding and retrieving text from the digital image which is used as a carrier of this text. Delphi 2010 was used to simulate both encrypt-embedded phase and extract-decrypt phase, and the results were obtained with high and security which proved the efficiency of the algorithm, where the hidden Kurdish text didn’t make any distortion or change over the cover image.

Embedded Immune-Evolutionary Programming for Economic Dispatch of Generators with Prohibited Operating Zones

Economic Dispatch (ED) is one of the popular power system problems. It is solved by the grid system operators (GSOs) to find the cheapest production cost for dispatching power from generations to the demands (loads). It is crucial to have cheap production cost and at the same time satisfying all system constraints such as generating units’ operating limits, transmission lines capacity and spinning reserve. ED of generators with prohibited operating zones is considered as a nonconvex ED as it has inequality constraints that need to be considered. This inequality constraint is the operating limits of generating units that considering the allowable and prohibited operating zones. The generating units must be ensured, that they are only operated within the allowable limits to avoid problem with the equipments that related to them. Some generating units will experience high vibration at certain level of operating limits and will burn more fuel to maintain at certain level of load. This paper presents an embedded technique to solve ED of generators problem with prohibited operating zones. The cloning process of Artificial Immune System (AIS) is inserted into Evolutionary Programming (EP) algorithm to form a new technique termed as Embedded Immune-Evolutionary Programming (EIEP). The proposed embedded technique has been tested on the IEEE 26-Bus Reliability Test System (RTS) with three different conditions of load. Besides that the results produced by the embedded technique has been compared with two single techniques which are AIS and EP. It is found that, the results of ED of generators with prohibited operating zones produced by EIEP is better than the two single techniques in terms of low total production cost.

Research of Greenhouse Environment Monitoring System

With the rapid development of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and embedded technique, especially the widely application of Internet of Things technology, more and more attention has been paid in greenhouse monitor field. The aims design of system depends significantly on the application, and it must consider factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, co2 concentration and other environmental factors. These sensors are equipped with wireless interfaces with which they can communicate with one another to form a network. All the environment factor information gathers by PC and embedded device, and people also can control them through Graphical User Interface (GUI).