Is Periodontitis a Risk Predictor with Adverse Outcomes for Cardiovascular Diseases: Treat Gums, Save Heart

Different clinical researches have been carried out to find the relationship between Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and Periodontitis. Even the findings and study types of these studies haven't been inconsistent, most of them indicated that the periodontitis may be associated with an increased risk of Cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this review article is to find the strength of the association between CVD and periodontitis. The current evidence supports the significant presence of association between CVD and periodontitis. Also it's seen that CVD patients had worse periodontal and oral hygiene status and fewer teeth than control subjects. Thus we need to conduct more high-quality and well-designed studies focusing on the specific/bidirectional relationship between CVD and periodontitis in the future. Key words: Periodontitis, Cardiovascular diseases, Risk factor, Mechanism and Association.

Periodontitis, Cardiovascular Disease and Fetuin A: A Triad

Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases are two most common and related pathologies which may aggravate each other’s pathophysiological impact. Long standing periodontitis leads to a systemic inflammatory response which elicits as well as exacerbates the cardiovascular disease process in the body. Fetuin A is an anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification glycoprotein, the levels of which decrease with ongoing inflammation in the body. Diminished Fetuin A levels due to persistent periodontitis, may promote inflammation and calcification which can predispose to multiple cardiovascular outcomes. Therefore the purpose of this literature review was to critically analyse the studies regarding Fetuin A, periodontal inflammation and cardiovascular diseases and find out a possible relationship between them. The studies published from the year 1976-2020 were reviewed for this article using Google Scholar, Pubmed, Research Gate & Semantic Scholar search engines using key words Periodontitis & Fetuin A, Fetuin A, Alpha-2- Heremans Schmid Glycoprotein, pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, periodontitis and CVD, CVD and Fetuin A, etc. It can hence be concluded from this review article that Fetuin A glycoprotein has a protective effect on the body owing to its anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification properties. It also advocates that decreased levels of Fetuin A can be used as a potential diagnostic tool to assess the predisposing risk of cardiovascular diseases affected by calcification and inflammatory process in the body.

Evolution of Explanatory Models of Periodontal Disease Pathogenesis

Summary: This review analyzevarious periodontal disease pathogenesis models. The biological models that explain the pathogenesisof the periodontal disease have presented an evolutionary change from 1960, when it was assumed thatonly bacterial deposits caused the disease to nowdays. It is recently accepted that periodontaldisease is an infection that challenges the immune system and generates an inflammatory responsethat affects the homeostasis of the periodontium. Additional factors like environment, genetics andacquired factors also interact with the microbial milieu and the immune response to influencedisease progression. Key words: Periodontitis. Etiopathogenesis. Immunoinflamatory response. Biofilmgingival interface. Genetic expression.

Основні патогенетичні підходи до профілактики та лікування запальних захворювань пародонта

ОСНОВНІ ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ ТА ЛІКУВАННЯ ЗАПАЛЬНИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ ПАРОДОНТА - Узагальнено літературні дані щодо відомих методів та засобів профілактики та лікування запальних захворювань пародон- та, спрямованих на покращення або збереження мікробіоце- нозу ротової порожнини, регулювання активності запального процесу, метаболічних, репаративних та регенеративних процесів у тканинах, засобів із склерозуючими властивостями.<br />ОСНОВНЫЕ ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ И ЛЕЧЕНИЮ ВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ПАРОДОНТА - Обобщены литературные данные, которые касаются известных методов и способов профилактики и лечения воспалительных заболеваний пародонта, направленных на улучшение или сохранение микробиоценоза ротовой полости, регуляции воспалительного процесса, метаболических, репаративных и регенераторных процессов в тканях, средств со склерозирующими свойствами.<br />MAIN PATHOGENETIC APPROACHES FOR PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY PARODONTIUM DISEASES - OverView lïterature wïth methods and means of prévention and treatment of inflammatory parodontium diseases approached to improvement or maintain microbiocoenose in mouth cavity, regulation of inflammatory process, methabolic, reparative and regeneratory processes in tissue, drugs with sclerotic effects.<br />Ключові слова: пародонтит, мікрофлора, запалення, патогенетичне лікування.<br />Ключевые слова: пародонтит, микрофлора, воспаление, патогенетическое лечение.<br />Key words: periodontitis, microflora, inflammation, pathogenetic treatment.

Role of antibiotics in periodontal therapy

Loeshe in 1976 propounded the ‘Specific Plaque Hypothesis' and efforts have been done since, to formulate a periodontal treatment regimen based on targeting of specific microorganisms. Antibiotics have gained importance as an arsenal in the treatment of periodontitis. This review takes a concise view on the role of antibiotics in periodontics. This review puts importance of antibiotics in a nutshell as a quick reference for the general practitioners in treating periodontal diseases. The selection and indication for the use of antibiotics is given with a note on resistance Key words: Periodontitis; antibiotics. DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v8i4.4706 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(4); October 2009 pp91-101