ANALISIS INTERAKSI KERUANGAN DALAM MENDUKUNG OPTIMALISASI PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI WILAYAH KEPULAUAN

This study aims to analyze spatial interactions in supporting the development of regional potential in West Halmahera Regency, Tidore Islands City and Ternate City. Spatial interactions are very influential in the development of regional potential. Spatial interactions that occur through complementary processes, transferability and intervening opportunities then develop towards the establishment of cooperation systems between regions. This paper uses a combination of quantitative approaches. Data obtained through observation, surveys, and documentation. The accumulation of potentials and regional problems as the basis of the linkages in regional development. Spatial interaction development of dominant potential develops in Ternate City and the support of more adequate transportation facilities and infrastructure reconditions the position of Ternate City as a market area, Tidore Islands City and West Halmahera Regency as generating areas or potential areas. Spatial interactions that take place physically, economically and socially are more dominant towards Ternate City, and are reciprocal, showing disparity in services between cities and between regions within a single system of regional potential development in the Province Keywords: Interaction, Spatial, islands; Ternate City; West Halmahera; Tidore City; AbstrakInteraksi keruangan sangat berpengaruh dalam pengembangan potensi wilayah. Interaksi keruangan terjadi melalui proses komplementaris, transferabilitas dan intervening opportunities kemudian berkembang kearah pembentukan sistem kerja sama antar wilayah. Potensi wilayah di Provinsi Maluku Utara dapat dimaksimalkan dengan meningkatkan hubungan antarwilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi keruangan dalam mendukung pengembangan potensi wilayah pada Kabupaten Halmahera Barat, Kota Tidore Kepulauan dan Kota Ternate. Tulisan ini menggunakan gabungan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis LQ dan analisis gravitasi. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, survai, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akumulasi potensi dan permasalahan wilayah sebagai dasar keterkaitan dalam pengembangan wilayah. Selanjutnya interaksi keruangan pengembangan potensi dominan berkembang pada Kota Ternate dan dukungan sarana dan prasarana transportasi yang lebih memadai merekondisi posisi Kota Ternate sebagai wilayah pasar, Kota Tidore Kepulauan dan Kabupaten Halmahera Barat sebagai wilayah pembangkit atau wilayah potensial. Interaksi keruangan yang berlangsung secara fisik, ekonomi dan sosial yang lebih dominan kearah Kota Ternate, dan bersifat timbal balik, menunjukkan disparitas pelayanan antarkota dan antarwilayah dalam satu kesatuan sistem pengembangan potensi wilayah di Provinsi

Kernel-based formulation of intervening opportunities for spatial interaction modelling

Understanding spatial interactions such as human mobility has been one of the main analytical themes in geography, spatial economics, and traffic engineering for a long time. The intervening opportunities models, including the radiation model, provide a framework to elucidate spatial interactions generated by an individual’s distance-ordered decision-making process. However, such classical definitions of intervening opportunities have often failed to predict realistic flow volumes, particularly for short-distance flows. To overcome this problem, we have proposed a new formulation of intervening opportunities with a kernel function to introduce a fuzziness in spatial search behaviours of destinations, to develop a new variant of the radiation model. The mobility patterns resulting from the modified radiation model that included kernel-based intervening opportunities outperformed the original radiation model when fitted to four datasets of inter-regional flows.

Violence in Public Transport: An Analysis of Resilience and Vulnerability in the City of Rio de Janeiro

Indicators of violence involving public transportation have reached alarming levels in most Brazilian states, hampering mobility. This article aims to identify the level of vulnerability and resilience of public transportation in 21 administrative regions of the city of Rio de Janeiro, in light of criminal occurrences. Variables related to population, employment, intervening opportunities, travel time, criminal occurrences associated with public transportation and police coverage of each evaluated region were used. The results indicated that the five most vulnerable regions are Campo Grande, Méier, Barra da Tijuca, Rio Comprido and Irajá, and the most resilient are Lagoa, Copacabana, Botafogo, Vila Isabel and Tijuca. The contribution of this work is the proposal to analyze the level of vulnerability and resilience based on public security data, with emphasis on the spatial dependence relation among the regions.

AN ATTEMPT TO INVESTIGATE THE IMPACT OF SELECTED INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS ON THE POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE BIGGEST EUROPEAN CITIES. APPLICATION OF THE SHIFTING MODEL (INTERVENING OPPORTUNITIES MODEL TYPE)

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest symulacyjne badanie dyfuzji zmian gospodarczych, oparte na ugruntowanym modelu pośrednich możliwości. Użyty algorytm umożliwił detekcję makroregionów europejskich, w których istnieje wyraźnie podwyższony potencjał rozwoju wielobranżowych klastrów gospodarczych. Eksperymenty symulacyjne wykonano w dwóch seriach: dla prognozy wpływu działania Centralnego Portu Komunikacyjnego oraz dla działania CPK łącznie z budowaną jednocześnie Via Carpatia (czyli tzw. “Nowym Szlakiem Bursztynowym”). W niniejszym artykule staraliśmy się odpowiedzieć na pytanie: które rejony Europy najwięcej zyskają działaniu Centralnego Portu Komunikacyjnego? Osiągnięte przez nas wyniki eksperymentów symulacyjnych potwierdziły znaczną bezwładność systemu gospodarczego Europy w zakresie formowania centrów i klastrów, w tym trwałość kondycji rejonów najwyżej rozwiniętych

Demographic development of Zachodniopomorskie voivodship in the years 2000-2012 in the light of transportation network accessibility

The area of Zachodniopomorskie voivodship is characterized by specific features, resulting from its position in space. The location of the regional capital Szczecin at the mouth of the River Odra and near the Polish-German border, in the close vicinity of well-developed Nordic countries, and on the outskirts of the region creates special conditions for development. At the same time, the considerable remoteness of most small towns from the capital region and the inadequate network of connections in a natural North-South direction make it difficult to work with the assets of larger centres of development like Szczecin and Koszalin. The present approach is based on Webb’s typology for the gminas of Zachodniopomorskie voivodship compared with the analysis of the characteristics of the transportation network. Traffic volume of real transportation network was simulated by using a model based on the idea of intervening opportunities. Two categories of movements were analysed: movements to work and, due to the specificity of the region, tourists’ movements.

Intervening Opportunities and Competing Migrants in Turkish migration to Germany, 1969-2008

This study defines, specifies and empirically tests the concept of intervening opportunities proposed by Stouffer (1940) and the theory of competing migrants proposed again Stouffer (1960) in the context of international migration. An empirical model of Turkish migration to Germany is developed and tested for the 1969-2008 period, using the cointegration technique. We find strong evidence of intervening opportunities and competing migrants. Although, competing migrants are significant in the short as well as in the long-run, intervening opportunities are only significant in the short-run. The results have an important policy implication for the Turkey's accession to European Union. Thus, the migration pressure from Turkey with the accession can be managed by increasing intervening opportunities, hereby increasing foreign direct investments and altering the demand for competing migrants.