Prediction of Drought-Induced Components and Evaluation of Drought Damage of Tea Plants Based on Hyperspectral Imaging

Effective evaluation of physiological and biochemical indexes and drought degree of tea plant is an important technology to determine the drought resistance ability of tea plants. At present, the traditional detection method of tea drought stress is mainly based on physiological and biochemical detection, which is not only destructive to tea plants, but also time-consuming and laborious. In this study, through simulating drought treatment of tea plant, hyperspectral camera was used to obtain spectral data of tea leaves, and three machine learning models, namely, support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and partial least-squares (PLS) regression, were used to model malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), maximum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), soluble saccharide (SS), and drought damage degree (DDD) of tea leaves. The results showed that the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS)-PLS model of MDA had the best effect among the four physiological and biochemical indexes (Rcal = 0.96, Rp = 0.92, RPD = 3.51). Uninformative variable elimination (UVE)-SVM model was the best in DDD (Rcal = 0.97, Rp = 0.95, RPD = 4.28). Therefore, through the establishment of machine learning model using hyperspectral imaging technology, we can monitor the drought degree of tea seedlings under drought stress. This method is not only non-destructive, but also fast and accurate, which is expected to be widely used in tea garden water regime monitoring.

Mathematical Model of Physiological and Biochemical Indexes to Plant Growth–Defense Tradeoff in Salvia Miltiorrhiza

Background: Enzyme activities play a very important role in metabolism. Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are the two most basic elements for plant growth and development, and their mutual coupling makes C:N become an important index to explore plant element allocation and adaptation strategies. Although the key enzymes activity in carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and defense enzymes are often used to indexes of the physiological and biochemical characteristics of plants, the relationship between them and biomass still lacks understanding. In this paper, under the control condition, the biomass and 18 kinds of physiological and biochemical indexes were obtained through 24 groups experiments of the regenerated seedlings of Salvia miltiorrhiza by 9 endophytic fungi strains grafted. Results: The data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, Lasso variable screening analysis and MLP neural network regression analysis. Results show that many physiological and biochemical indexes are related to biomass, and glutamine synthetase ( GS ),glutamate synthase ( GLS ), glutamate dehydroge nase ( GDH ), peroxidases (POD), catalase (CAT), soluble protein are the key factors which affect the biomass synthesis of Salvia miltiorrhiza . Conclusion: In this paper, it discusses the relationship between physiological and biochemical indexes and biomass in a comprehensive and systematic way by the framework of "Build-Design-Calculate-Test". Through rigorous logical reasoning process, the factors affecting the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza are selected, and the mathematical model is established. It also provides a powerful tool for the comprehensive and systematic study of plant growth and the synthesis of effective components.

PO-122 Influence of Winter Training on Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Bicyclist

Objective The research took the bicyclists in Zhejiang for preparing of the Thirteenth National Games in winter training as the subjects. Through physiological and biochemical index of testing during the winter training, we attempted to find out some rules or problems by exploring the characteristics of their training during winter training, Reached on body function and the training intensity of athletes for effective monitoring and adjustment effect during winter training, and to provide a reference for the development of scientific in bicycle training. Methods During the long term bicycle training, some physical fitness evaluation indices includingVO2max,anaerobic power,body composition,Hb,Bun,CK,T and NEUT% were tested and analyzed systematically. Master the bike athletes body function changes during the winter training, and discuss the relationship between these indexes and body function condition. Results VO2 max, VO2 max relative value almost no change during the winter training; The Large Anaerobic work, 30s average anaerobic work and an body composition indicators no significant difference (p < 0.05), but had a significant change. Hb, Bun, CK,T,NEUT% based standard value in the normal range, throughout the winter training period, Hb, BUN and CK, T, NEUT % has experienced cyclical changes along with the change of sports load: Hb, T at the beginning of the winter training has a downward trend, CK and NEUT % in the early part of the winter training has a rising trend, but as for the winter training gradually restored, BUN rising during the winter training, two weeks before the end of winter training to get down. Conclusions 1, the pros and cons of aerobic capacity is not the main factors influencing the cycling short athlete special performance, but of eliminating anaerobic lactic acid after training to play an active role, aerobic ability training should be strengthened. 2, anaerobic metabolism energy is the important factors that affect cycling short athlete sport result, peak power and 30s average power to scientific evaluation of the athlete's training effect. 3, decreased body fat percentage and lean body mass increase, to improve the athlete special scores play a positive role. 4, during the winter training athletes Hb, CK, T, NEUT % changes over motion load, NEUT % can be used as auxiliary training monitoring indexes of female athletes on the biochemical indexes of the sensitivity is higher than male athletes. 5, in the case of lean body mass is not fall, blood urea to maintain at a high level of cycling short athletes may not bring much impact performance. 6, Because of the mobilization can bear the load and strength are not the same, the same load and intensity produced by the reflect function will not the same, further analysis is needed to combined with physiological and biochemical indexes and individual training plan situation carries on the comprehensive consideration, so as to improve the accuracy of measurement analysis.

PO-107 Applied Research on Heart Rate Variability in Monitoring Sports Fatigue of Boxing Athletes

Objective Based on the diagnosis of sports fatigue using physiological and biochemical indicators, to detect the changes of heart rate variability (HRV) index before and after heavy load training in boxing athletes, and observe the effect of heavy load training on cardiac autonomic nerves. The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of HRV to monitor boxing athletes’ sports fatigue. Methods 16 athletes from Shanghai men's boxing team were recruited. The coach organized a 4-week heavy load training, on Monday morning before and after heavy load training, to evaluate whether athletes have exercise fatigue by testing white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), blood testosterone (T), cortisol (C), testosterone/cortisol ratio (T/C), creatine kinase (CK), blood urea (BU) and morning pulse. Heart rate variability (HRV) indicators were detected simultaneously. The data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the correlation between HRV and physiological and biochemical indexes. The paired sample T test was used to compare the differences between the indicators, P<0.05, P<0.01 was statistically significant. Results After heavy load training, when compared with indexes before heavy load training, T and T/C ratios decreased significantly (-38%, -52.7%, p<0.01), C and morning pulse increased significantly (+32.4%, +20.4%, p<0.05), BU and CK had an increasing trend but no statistical significance (+16.5%, +52.7%, p>0.05), while WBC, RBC and Hb showed no statistical significance (p>0.05), these changes in physiological and biochemical indexes can diagnose sports fatigue of boxing athletes after heavy load training. SDNN of HRV index was significantly correlated with morning pulse (p<0.05), RMSSD was significantly correlated with CK (p<0.05), LF was significantly correlated with Hb (p<0.05), and LF/HF was significantly correlated with T, C, T/C, morning pulse, CK (p<0.05). After heavy load training, LF and LF/HF of HRV index in boxing athletes were significantly increased than that before heavy load training (1744.7±1526.3 ms2 vs. 1134.5±1003.3 ms2, 2.5±1.3 vs. 1.6±1.0, p<0.05), the other HRV indexes showed no statistical significance (p>0.05). Conclusions The LF and LF/HF changed significantly when boxing athletes appeared sports fatigue, suggesting that the sympathetic nervous system had enhanced activity and increased tension, the imbalance between Sympathetic and parasympathetic tend to predominate in sympathetic activity. LF and LF/HF are sensitive HRV indicators for monitoring sports fatigue in boxing athletes.

Different Rootstocks and Physiological and Biochemical Change of SUM Cherry in Greenhouse Environment

To understand the effects of different rootstocks on the growth of sweet cherry in greenhouse environment, The change of physiological and biochemical indexes of SUM variety grafted on dwarf stock (gisela 5) and the vigorous stock (mahaleb) was studied with biennial seedlings cultivated in greenhouse of north China. The results showed that dwarf stocks could increase content of Malonaldehyde (MDA), proline (PRO), activity of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased the membrane relative permeability in the leaves of SUM compared with vigorous rootstocks. So the dwarf stocks could increase the resistance of plants. The vigorous stock could decrease content of MDA, but the activity of Peroxidase (POD) was same in the leaves of SUM grafted on both of rootstocks. So, the dwarf rootstock should be better than vigorous stock on increasing resistance or drought and salt tolerance of the cherry varieties SUM.