Acute communicating hydrocephalus caused by extravasation of digital subtraction angiography contrast medium: a case report and literature review

With the increasing use of endovascular technology in the treatment of various conditions, there has been an inevitable rise in cases with extravasation of contrast medium. We present a case in which extravasation of a large quantity of contrast medium resulted in acute communicating hydrocephalus. A 78-year-old woman came to the hospital because of abnormal right-sided limb movement, and was diagnosed with occlusion of the left internal carotid artery. The patient underwent timely intra-arterial mechanical thrombectomy. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) examination revealed a high-density shadow of the left basal ganglia and left frontal lobe. Twelve hours later, the patient fell into a coma. Repeat head CT indicated acute hydrocephalus with no evidence of obstruction. The patient underwent emergency external ventricular drainage, and the drainage fluid was observed to be clear. The patient regained consciousness after the procedure and the drainage tube was removed 4 days later. The patient had no recurrence of hydrocephalus. The mechanisms and treatment of this condition are discussed.

Giant aneurysms and bypass surgery

Giant aneurysms are among the most challenging neurovascular lesions with poor natural history. Therefore, treatment to minimize morbidity and mortality is paramount. With development in skull base approaches, microsurgical techniques, endovascular technology, and neuroanaesthesia, a proportion of giant aneurysms can be clipped primarily, clip reconstructed, or treated endovascularly. With the ongoing development in endovascular techniques, more of these lesions can be treated successfully without open surgery. However, without long-term data on endovascular reconstruction, aneurysm recurrence after coiling, and poor outcomes with the use of flow diverters for dolichoectatic basilar aneurysms, surgical treatment remains a viable option for patients with these complex lesions. This chapter discusses the use of complex revascularization and flow reversal techniques including high-flow extracranial to intracranial bypass for these patients.

A new textbook for saphenous vein sparing surgery: CHIVA strategy permits to achieve the goal also using modern endovascular technology

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Multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of cervical-cervical and cervical pregnancies with the use of modern low-invasive x-ray endovascular technology

Multidisciplinary approach in the treatment cervical ectopic pregnancy has been developed, it includes the systemic use of methotrexate, the embolization of uterine arteries and follow-up fetal egg remove. The new method of combination treatment of cervical pregnancy of one-stage use of embolization uterine artery and temporary balloon occlusion of the internal iliac arteries was applied for the first time in Russia. This algorithm helps to preserve the reproductive function of women.

Endovascular Repair of Aortobronchial Fistula due to Saccular Aneurysm of Thoracic Aorta

Aortobronchial fistula (ABF) is a rare condition which can be lethal if left untreated. Open surgical treatment carries high morbidity and mortality. Recent advances in endovascular technology have made thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) the treatment of choice. We present a successful endovascular repair of aortobronchial fistula due to a saccular aneurysm of descending thoracic aorta.